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Stem Changing verbs

Stem Changing verbs. Main Concept. Each verb can be broken into two main parts. The stem (everything but the ar , er , or ir .) The suffix (the ar , er , or ir .) Here are some examples. The Types. There are four types of stem changing verbs. e to ie stem changers.

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Stem Changing verbs

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  1. Stem Changing verbs

  2. Main Concept • Each verb can be broken into two main parts. • The stem (everything but the ar, er, or ir.) • The suffix (the ar, er, or ir.) • Here are some examples.

  3. The Types • There are four types of stem changing verbs. • e to iestem changers. • o to uestem changers. • u to uestem changers. • e to istem changers. • Ar, Er, and Ir can be any of the first three. • Only Ir verbs can be e to i stem changers. • NO VERB STEM CHANGES IN THE NOSOTROS FORMS: NO CHANGES IN “NO”SOTROS

  4. Where the Change Takes Place • The change takes place in the penultimate (second to last) syllable of the infinitive. • So if my verb is Repetir • I break it into syllables • Re/pe/tir • The penultimate syllable is pe. (re/pe/tir) • This is the syllable that will be changed.

  5. The Change • There is no good way of knowing which verbs stem change other than to memorize them. • If the vowel in the penultimate syllable is an • e we change it to ie most often (this is a very common stem change) • e we change it to i in some verbs. • o we change it to ue (also very common). • u we change it to ue.

  6. Process • This is really EASY so watch carefully! • As long as the subject is not Nosotros,I take the penultimate syllable, • Change the letter appropriately, • Add the appropriate ending. • ¡Fácil, no! Querer Quierer Yo Quiero

  7. Steps: • First,remove the last two letters (-ar, -er or –ir) • Second, replace the second to last syllable’s vowel with the appropriate letters. • Third, place the correct endings on the end of the verb. • REMEMBER – NOSOTROS DOES NOT CHANGE!!

  8. Example • Dormir (o-ue) • Yoduermo • Tuduermes • El/ella/udduerme • Nosotrosdormimos • Ellos/ellas/udsduermen • ** note that the verb DOES NOT change in the nosotros form**

  9. Example # 2 • Comenzar (e-ie) • Yocomienzo • Tucomienzas • El, Ella, Udcomienza • Nosotroscomenzamos • Ellos, Ellas, Uds. comienzan

  10. What are some other stem-changing verbs? • Empezar (e-ie) – to begin • Pensar (e-ie) – to think • Querer (e-ie) – to want • Jugar (u-ue) – to play • Almorzar (o-ue) – to eat lunch • Pedir (e-i) – to ask • Preferir (e-ie) – to prefer

  11. Time for some scratch paper. • The following are e to ie stem changers. Conjugate them for the person indicated. • (Yo) Pensar • (Tú) Sentir • (Ellos) Cerrar • (Marisol) Empezar • (Ud.) Comenzar • (Paco y Beatriz) Querer • Now check your answer. • Pienso • Sientes • Cierran • Empieza • Comienza • Quieren

  12. Some More Practice • The following verbs are o to ue stem changers. Watch out for the nosotros form.

  13. These are e to i stem changers.

  14. Some Translation • Translate the following sentences. • I always eat lunch with my friends. • Siempre almuerzo con mis amigos. • They want to go to the movies. • Ellos quieren ir al cine. • We prefer to swim. • Preferimos nadar. • He asks for 10 dollars from his father. • Él pide diez dólares de su padre. • You (fam) always smile. • Tú siempre sonríes.

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