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Stem-Changing Verbs

Stem-Changing Verbs. Stem-changing verbs have a spelling change in the stem. The stem can be identified by dropping off the infinitive ending (-AR, -ER or –IR) There are 4 types of stem-changing verbs:. E > IE, E > I, O > UE and U > UE. To figure out what kind of change takes place….

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Stem-Changing Verbs

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  1. Stem-Changing Verbs • Stem-changing verbs have a spelling change in the stem. • The stem can be identified by dropping off the infinitive ending (-AR, -ER or –IR) • There are 4 types of stem-changing verbs: E > IE, E > I, O > UE and U > UE.

  2. To figure out what kind of change takes place….. • First, identify the stem. Drop off the infinitive ending – the letters that are left are called the “stem”. COMENZ AR • Next, look at the vowel that is CLOSEST to the end of the stem. That’s the vowel that will change.

  3. Sometimes it’s real easy to figure out the change… DORM IR O > UE … and sometimes it’s not. PREFER IR E > I ??? E > IE ??? If the verb is an –IR infinitive, it’s likely to be an stem-changing verb. E > I (See your notes for exceptions)

  4. The change can be seen in all forms except NOSOTROS and VOSOTROS These verbs are referred to as “boot” or “shoe” verbs.

  5. Stem-changing verbs are regular verbs and, therefore, will use regular –AR, -ER and –IR endings: -AR -ER -IR

  6. Jugar – To play U UE Juego Jugamos Juegas Jugáis Juega Juegan

  7. Jugar (yo) ar jueg o jug I play

  8. Poder (yo) er pued o pod I can (am able to)

  9. Poder – To be able O UE Puedo Podemos Puedes Podéis Puede Pueden

  10. Dormir – To sleep O UE Duermo Dormimos Duermes Dormís Duerme Duermen

  11. Pensar – To think about E IE Pienso Pensamos Piensas Pensáis Piensa Piensan

  12. Querer – To want E IE Quiero Queremos Quieres Queréis Quiere Quieren Remember the commercial: “Yo quiero Taco Bell”?

  13. Preferir – To prefer E IE Prefiero Preferimos Prefieres Preferís Prefiere Prefieren

  14. Pedir – To ask for E I Pido Pedimos Pides Pedís Pide Piden

  15. Some other common stem-changing verbs……..

  16. ar Almorzar – to have lunch almuerz- O > UE Costar – to cost almorz cost ar cuest- O > UE

  17. ir Decir – to say, tell dic- E > I Doler – to hurt dec dol er duel- O > UE

  18. ar Empezar – to begin empiez- E > IE Entender – to understand empez entend er entiend- E > IE

  19. er Llover – to rain lluev- O > UE Nevar – to snow llov nev ar niev- E > IE

  20. ir Repetir – to repeat repit- E > I Servir – to serve repet serv ir sirv- E > I

  21. Let’s do some practice!(get those white boards out)Conjugate the stem-changing verb for the subject provided.Use THE PROCESS if you can and your notes only if you need to.

  22. Pedir (yo) ir pid o ped I ask for

  23. Almorzar (ellas) ar almuerz an almorz They have lunch

  24. Entender (Uds.) er entiend en entend You (all) understand

  25. Empezar (tú) ar empiez as empez You begin

  26. Costar (el libro) ar cuest a cost The book costs

  27. Servir (el restaurante) ir sirv e serv The restaurant serves

  28. Querer (nosotros) er quier quer emos But wait! This is a nosotros form! quer We want

  29. What do you remember about stem-changing verbs? • Stem-changing verbs have a ______ ______ change in the stem. • That change will happen in all forms except…… • There are _____ types of stem-changing verbs. (Can you name them?) • The vowel _____ ____ ____ ______ _______is the one that changes. • If the verb is an –IR infinitive, it’s likely to be a ___ > ___ change.

  30. Practice with the stem-changing verbs through your homework. • If you have a difficult time, please come in for some extra help. • Help is available every day during both lunches.

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