1 / 28

Aquatic Exercise & Special Populations

Aquatic Exercise & Special Populations. By Kris Hinnerichs. Where we’re going…. Hydrodynamics Aquatic Exercise Benefits of Aquatic Exercise Special Populations Program Design. Hydrodynamics. Archimedes’ Principle Specific Gravity Movement in Water Newton’s Laws

zonta
Download Presentation

Aquatic Exercise & Special Populations

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Aquatic Exercise & Special Populations By Kris Hinnerichs

  2. Where we’re going… • Hydrodynamics • Aquatic Exercise • Benefits of Aquatic Exercise • Special Populations • Program Design

  3. Hydrodynamics • Archimedes’ Principle • Specific Gravity • Movement in Water • Newton’s Laws • Conservation of Momentum

  4. Archimedes’ Principle • A body in water is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the water displaced

  5. Application of Archimedes’ Principle • People weight very little in water • Most of our energy is put into moving in the water and very little is used to “carry” ourselves • This is especially valuable for those who have difficulties moving around on land

  6. Specific Gravity • The ratio of weight of a body to the weight of the water it displaces.

  7. Specific Gravity • Pure water has a specific gravity of 1.0 • Specific gravity < 1.0 will float • Adipose tissue • Specific gravity > 1.0 will sink • Muscle • Bone • Children and the elderly tend to have less muscles and more fat • Young adults tend to have more muscle

  8. Form Drag • Resistance related to the object’s shape and profile to the water • Tight, narrow shapes have less form drag • Broad, wide shapes have more form drag

  9. Wave Drag • Resistance caused by water turbulence • Directly proportional to swimming speed • The more activity in the water, the more turbulence and wave drag

  10. Newton’s Laws • Law of Inertia--force is needed to • move a body at rest, • stop a body in motion, or • change the direction of a moving body • Static inertia is the tendency of a body at rest to stay at rest • Dynamic inertia is the tendency of a moving body to keep moving

  11. Conservation of Momentum • Circular patterns are more effective than linear patterns • Back-and-forth linear movements require force to stop moving in one direction and more force to start moving in another direction • Abrupt changes of linear motion may throw your body out of alignment, requiring more force to overcome the increased drag

  12. Aquatic Exercise • Factors that affect your workout • Bouyancy and water depth • Resistance • Speed of movement • Type of movement

  13. AquaticExercise

  14. Benefits of Aquatic Exercise • Psychosocial • Enhance physical fitness • Assist with weight management • Improve motor function • Social • Peer-group interaction • Normalization of inclusion • safety

  15. Benefits of Aquatic Exercise • Psychological • Psychological growth • Improvement of well-being and confidence • Experience success • Enhance self-image • Have fun • Independent mobility

  16. Older Adults

  17. Older Adults—benefits • About 30 mill. people in the US are 65 and older • Exercise is key for good health and independent living • Achieve enriched quality of life • Primary goals • reach and maintain a level of fitness, • Improve one’s physical condition • Delay onset of chronic disease

  18. Older Adults—guidelines • Water at least 83* F • Less activity than that for a younger group • Explain safety features before you begin • Lifeguard location • Pool layout • Use RPE instead of HR • Give permission and suggestions for modifications

  19. Pregnancy—benefits • Reduces gravity’s pull on baby • Helps prevent hyperlordosis • Decreases chance of overheating • Hydrostatic pressure helps prevent edema

  20. Pregnancy—guidelines • Water between 78 and 84* F • Emphasize proper hydration • Follow ACOG guidelines • Guidelines for exercise • Contraindications for exercise • Careful evaluation

  21. Obesity—benefits • Reduces the effect of gravity • Decreases risk factors for heart disease • Hydrostatic pressure assist venous return • Easier to stick with the program • Cool environment • Comfortable • Relaxing • Beneficial

  22. Obesity—guidelines • Limb speed is important to overcome buoyancy • Follow general exercise guidelines • Deep water walking is a great place to start • Give non-rebound options • Emphasize safety and form

  23. Arthritis—benefits • Osteoarthritis—degenerative changes in the joints • Rheumatoid arthritis—chronic, destructive disease characterized by joint inflammation • Decrease pain • Increase ROM • Maintain joint mobility

  24. Arthritis—guidelines • Don’t exercise when joint is “hot” • Exercise later in the day • Spend twice as long on warm-up • Avoid hard stretches • Gently move every joint in every possible direction • Eliminate bouncing • Ideal water temp. is 86-95* F

  25. Low Back Pain—benefits • Water decreases compression forces on the spine and other joints • It is easier to move in the water than on land

  26. Low Back Pain—guidelines • Emphasize proper posture • Neutral spine, stand tall • Eliminate bouncing • Strengthen abdominals • Emphasize core stability • Immediately stop any exercise that causes pain • Wear cushioned shoes • Minimize hip flexor work, especially kickboards

  27. Program Design • All general land rules and guidelines apply to aquatic exercise • Warm-up • Stretch • Cardio • Cool down • Stretch • Emphasize proper form and execution at all times • Use the FIT principle

  28. Any Questions?

More Related