WASTE MANAGEMENT & DISPOSAL SERVICES INTEGRAL PART OF RELIEF MEASURES

1. WASTE MANAGEMENT & DISPOSAL SERVICESINTEGRAL PART OF RELIEF MEASURES CAPT G RAVI ( INDIAN NAVY) OFFICER-IN-CHARGE , NBCD SCHOOL INS SHIVAJI,LONAVALA

2. WASTE MANAGEMENT & DISPOSAL SERVICESINTEGRAL PART OF RELIEF MEASURES

3. KOSI FLOODS URI EARTHQUAKE DISASTER OVERVIEW AND ROLE OF ARMD FORCES KOSI FLOODS EARTHQUAKE IN BHUJ

4. GUJARAT EARTHQUAKE UTTARKASHI EARTHQUAKE MUMBAI FLOODS

6. OUR EXPERIENCE OF COPING WITH DISASTER • Inadequate scientific hazard-risk-vulnerability mapping • Inadequate early warning systems • Technical-legal regime not clear leading to negligible penalty for causing an incident • Poor community preparedness / awareness • Environmental degradation precipitating disasters • Environmental impact of development • Primitive search –rescue –communication • Inadequate relief management • Unprofessional – amateur approach

7. DISASTER WASTE MANAGEMENT ?

8. LESSONS LEARNT -HURRICANE KATRINA • ALMOST 2000 DEAD • COST 81 BILLON $ • CONTAMINATION OF WATER BODIES • LOSS OF LIVELY HOOD • LOSS OF WILD LIFE HABITAT • CREATED LARGE OIL SPILLS • LONG AND HARD RECOVERY • HUGE WASTE MANAGEMENT LOAD

9. LESSONS LEARNT – BP OIL SPILL HUGE ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC COST LOSS OF LIVELY HOOD FOR COASTAL COMMUNITIES LONG TERM RECOVERY EFFORTS 75 % OF THE OIL RELEASED STILL EXISTS IN THE ENVIRONEMENT

10. LESSONS LEARNT – CHERNOBYL LARGE AREAS HAVE BEEN LAID WASTE HUMAN COST HAS BEEN VERY HIGH, EVEN TODAY GENETIC DISORDERS ARE PLACING A HEAVY BURDEN ON THE SOCIETY THREAT OF BREACH OF THE CONTAINMENT FOR THE NUCLEAR REACTOR STILL EXISTS , INVOLVING FURTHER INVESTMENT WHICH IS NOW BEING SOUGHT FROM THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY

11. TYPES OF DISASTER WASTE

12. TYPES OF PRIMARY DISASTER WASTE • Common debris containing concrete, various types of roofing material, wood, insulation, earth / mud , and a large amount of plastic • Trees, branches and leaves; vegetation and foliage • Petroleum products, combustible fuels and their residue • Furniture and other household goods • Electricity poles; Transformers and other Wasted Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) related to the electrical transmission and communication lines • Hospital waste; corpses and dead animals • Sewage from burst municipal lines, and garbage from temporary storage sites • Items containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), asbestos and other hazardous substances • Metal scrap from damaged buildings, industrial structures, and vehicles.

13. TYPES OF SECONDARY DISASTER WASTE • MUNICIPAL WASTE AND SEWAGE GENERATED AT RELIEF CENTRES HOUSING LARGE POLULATION • PACKAGING MATERIAL RECEIVED FROM RELIEF AGENCIES • MEDICAL WASTE FROM FIELD HOSPITALS • PEOPLE / ANIMALS SUCCUMBING TO DISEASE / INJURY • MUNICIPAL WASTE AND SEWAGE FROM TOWNS AND CITIES WHERE EXISTING DRAINAGE / SEWAGE SYSTEMS HAVE BEEN DAMAGED / NON OPERATIONAL , WHERE PEOPLE CONTINUE TO LIVE

14. PLANNING FOR DISASTER WASTE MANAGEMENT

15. MODEL FOR DISASTER WASTE MANAGEMENT

16. ACTION STAGES

17. PRE DISASTER ACTIONS

18. ACTIONS DURING DISASTER

19. POST DISASTER ACTIONS

20. PRIVATE / CORPORATE PARTNERSHIP ? • OUTSOURCING DISASTER WASTE MANAGEMENT CAN BE EXAMINED AS A OPTION • LOCAL MUNICIPAL STAFF WOULD NOT BE AVAILABLE FOR THE PURPOSE AS THEY WOULD THEMSELVES BE AFFECTED • OUTSOURCING DISASTER WASTE MANAGEMENT FUNCTION WOULD RELIEVE THE DISTRICT / STATE MACHINERY TO CONCENTRATE ON RELIEF AND REHABILITATON EFFORTS • HOLDING SPECIALISED EQUIPMENT ( CHEMICAL FIELD LABORATORY, SOIL, AIR AND WATER SAMPLING AND TESTING EQUIPMENT ) AT THE STATE WOULD ENABLE FASTER / SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE POST DISASTER. • INVITING PRIVATE PARTIES TO PROVIDE SUCH SERVICES FOR EACH STATE WOULD BE EFFECTIVE AS THEY CAN MOBILISE FASTER.

21. Chemical Biological Nuclear A NEW DIMENSION!! RISK LOW HIGH TECHNICAL COMPLEXITY LOW HIGH

22. Use of Chemical Agents –Iraq • 1988 nerve and cyanide gas was employed against the Kurds • Over 5,000 died 75% women and children

23. WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF A CBRN DISASTER • SUCH AN INCIDENT WILL LAY WASTE LARGE AREAS OF HUMAN HABITATION, THOUSANDS OF SQUARE KMS FOR MANY DECADES • LOSS OF LIVELY HOOD AND RELOCATION OF AFFECTED POPULATION WOULD BE MAJOR CHALLENGES • CONTAINMENT OF THE HAZARD AND ISOLATION / PREVENTING ACCESS TO THE DISASTER ZONE WILL BE CRITICAL FOR LIMITING SPREAD • DECONTAMINATION AND MONITORING OF VOLUNTEERS / RESCUE PERSONNEL ENTERING THE AFFECTED ZONE WILL BE NECESSARY • REMOVAL OF CONTAMINATED MATERIAL FOR SAFE STORAGE WILL BE A PRIORITY TO PREVENT GROUND WATER / CROSS CONTAMINATION • ELIMINATION OF WILD LIFE / LIVESTOCK BY CULLING IS AN ACCEPTED PRACTICE, HOWEVER DISPOSAL OF THE CRACASSES WILL NEED TO BE PLANNED • FOR UNDERTAKING THE ABOVE TASKS TRAINED MANPOWER WOULD BE NEED IN LARGE NUMBERS AS TIME ON TASK WOULD BE LIMITED DUE TO EXPOSURE LIMITATIONS

25. NEW TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES

26. CONCLUSION • Disaster waste management should be given adequate focus at the planning stage • Industry expertise in the field should be harnessed for mounting a systematic and professional waste management action plan post disaster • Policy guidelines / regulations for tackling CBRN incidents / accidents should be evolved to meet the challenges of the prevailing politico-security environment

27. THANKYOU