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Chapter 1

Chapter 1. Drug Use : An Overview. Who?. When and where?. “Drug Use On The Rise”. How much?. What?. Why do any of these matter?. Who Is Taking The Drug?. Age Proximity to us What they do for a living. What Drug Are They Taking?. Obvious question but often over looked

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Chapter 1

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  1. Chapter 1 Drug Use : An Overview

  2. Who? When and where? “Drug Use On The Rise” How much? What? Why do any of these matter?

  3. Who Is Taking The Drug? • Age • Proximity to us • What they do for a living What Drug Are They Taking? • Obvious question but often over looked • Alcohol vs. heroin • Inhalants vs. alcohol

  4. When And Where Are Drugs Being Used? • The situation in which the drug is taken makes a big difference. • A 1st grade teacher drinking on Saturday night at home vs. a 1st grade teacher drinking during class. • Even if a subculture accepts the use of an illegal drug, it will distinguish between acceptable and unacceptable situations. • A group might accept marijuana smoking at a party but not when you are taking the kids to the soccer game or right before a multi-million dollar deal meeting.

  5. Why A Person Takes Drugs? • Vicodin the doctor prescribed for pain vs. Vicodin for the way it makes you feel for pleasure • Drinking alcohol because you are out with friends vs. drinking alcohol alone in the morning to help get you out of bed

  6. How A Drug Is Taken? • An amount of cocaine that comes from chewing the coca leaves vs. that much cocaine snorted will lead to very different responses • How the drug is taken can also depend on how fast the user becomes addicted, how fast the response comes and how long it lasts How Much Of A Drug Is Taken? • This is often the difference between normal use and abuse; the difference between life and death

  7. Four Principles Of Psychoactive Drugs • “Drugs” are not good or bad • Every drug has multiple effects • Both size and quality of the drug affect the effect of the drug • The effects of a drug depends on the person

  8. Drug misuse Drug abuse Drug use History tells us that as long as humans have been around some have used, misused and abused some plants or substances.

  9. Four Pharmacological Revolution • Major communicable diseases under control – vaccines • Pharmacological revolution – antibiotics to treat illness of the body • Development of psychopharmacology drugs – treatment of mental illnesses • Development of oral contraception –drugs gave control over the body

  10. Cultural Change • After WWII substance abuse was not a major concern • Then concerns about alcohol came to the forefront • Then in the mid 1960s LSD became a household word • Then Nixon declared a “War on Drugs”, however there was still tolerance for drug use • Then in the 1980s less tolerance of differences including drugs • The 1990s were a continuation of the 80s • Then in 2000s medicinal marijuana and “rave” culture

  11. Extent Of Drug Use • Not possible to get accurate information on use • Not possible to get accurate information on how much is imported or sold • Even beer or prescription drug use can be off

  12. How We Get Information • Survey questionnaires • Benefits • Drawbacks

  13. Trends In Drug Use • Annual High School Senior survey • Prevalence of reported use • Attitude data and risk • Who is reported, who is not

  14. Marijuana: Trends in perceived availability, perceived risk of regular use, and prevalence of use in the past 30 days for 12th graders

  15. Lifetime Marijuana Use among Persons Ages 12-25, by group: 1965-2002

  16. National Survey On Drug Use And Health • Face-to-face, computer-assisted interviews • 68,000 individuals; carefully sampled households across the US • Broken down into different age groups • Results

  17. Trends in reported drug use within the past 30 days for young adults ages 18 to 25

  18. Finding such similar patterns in two different studies, using different sampling techniques adds confidence on the results.

  19. Correlates Of Drug Use • Age, gender, racial/ethnic grouping, education levels • SES- not a significant factor • Personality problems are poor predictors • Risk factors • Protective factors

  20. Limitations Of Correlation Studies • Does smoking marijuana cause the user to get lower grades? Or is it the kids who are getting low grades anyway who are more likely to smoke marijuana?

  21. Motives For Drug Use • We all do things that we know are not right; eating too much, driving too fast or drinking to much • Fads and cultural trends influence what drugs are used

  22. Influences on drug use.

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