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ECE 477 Simulation Project For any inquires, contact me @ mrnezhad@uwaterloo

ECE 477 Simulation Project For any inquires, contact me @ mrnezhad@uwaterloo.ca. Regulations. Don’t forget to send me your group list Due time is Friday, March 31 st , 2006. Each Group is required to hand in a hard copy report.

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ECE 477 Simulation Project For any inquires, contact me @ mrnezhad@uwaterloo

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  1. ECE 477 Simulation Project For any inquires, contact me @ mrnezhad@uwaterloo.ca

  2. Regulations • Don’t forget to send me your group list • Due time is Friday, March 31st, 2006. • Each Group is required to hand in a hard copy report. • I will be in my office starting 1 pm on the due date, you must hand in your report in person. You have till 4:30 pm. Reports handed after that will be marked late.

  3. Software Installation • Use the attached CD to the textbook to install a copy of “Photonic Transmission Design Suite” • This is a fairly old copy. It might cause some problems for PCs with windows XP. Other problems might occur depending on your installed JAVA platform.

  4. Software Installation (Contd.) • If you run into such problem with your installation try the following procedure:

  5. Software Installation (Contd.) • 1) a) Install PTDS software without changing your Java.b) Open the PTDS folder.c) Open the jre folder.d) Open the bin folder.e) Look for a file symcijt.dllf) Change it to _symcjit.dllg) Run your software. It is largely possible to work now

  6. Software Installation (Contd.) • 2)a) Uninstall your Java platform. b) Install Java 1.4x or preferably 1.3xc) Install PTDSd) Try to run it now. Sometimes this works

  7. Software Installation (Contd.) • 3) a) Repeat a to c above in method 2 b) From the installed java folder you had, look for a folder called jre.c) copy the jre folder to the PTDS folder.d) Run your software. It might run this way.

  8. Software Installation (Contd.) • 4) a) Install Java 1.4 or 1.3 with Java 5.b) Make Java 1.4 or 1.3 your default.c) follow steps b to d in method 3. It might work here.

  9. Software Installation (Contd.) • 5) a) Uninstall SP2!!!

  10. Caution • However, you should know that JAVA controls the other programs too, especially MATLAB and IE Explorer. These programs may beSERIOUSLY affected when getting to the old JAVA

  11. Basics of the Photonics Simulator you will use

  12. Sample Analysis

  13. PRBS Generator Purpose The module generates a pseudo random or other types of binary sequences. Outputs output = binary sequence (signal type: Int) Description A pseudo random binary sequence (PRBS) is usually required when modeling the information source in simulations of digital communication systems. The binary sequence can be generated with the use of a random number generator, or, alternatively, can be directly specified by the user or read from a specified file. The PRBS module produces a sequence of N bits (TimeWindow/BitRate) with the numbers m and n of zero bits (spaces) preceding and succeeding the generated bit sequence of length N-m-n. The numbers m and n can be set by the user via parameters PreSpaces and PostSpaces, respectively. The sequence of generated bits may be saved to or read from a file.

  14. NRZ Coder Purpose The module generates a sampled, NRZ (Non Return to Zero) coded signal defined by a train of bits at its input. The input bit sequence is typically produced by the PRBS Generator module. Although this module appears trivial, it is required to convert between a digital signal and an electrical signal, so that electrical filtering may be implemented. Inputs input = bit sequence to encode (signal type: Int) Outputs output = electrical NRZ coded signal (signal type: Electrical Blocks, Electrical Samples) Comments The number of samples per bit is given by the ratio of SampleRate/BitRate and has to be a power of two. The sample rate sets the bandwidth of the electrical signal to be (sample rate)/2.

  15. Rise Time Adjustment Purpose The module is a Gaussian filter that transforms, for example, rectangular electrical input pulses into smoother output pulses with a user-defined rise time. Inputs input = electrical pre-shaped (e.g. NRZ/RZ) pulses (signal type: Electrical Blocks) Outputs output = electrical pulses with a user-defined rise-time (signal type: Electrical Blocks)

  16. Laser CW Purpose The module produces a continuous wave (CW) optical signal. Outputs output = continuous wave optical signal (signal type: Optical Blocks, Optical Samples) Functions SampleRate-EmissionFrequency-AveragePower-Linewidth-Azimuth-Ellipticity-InitialPhase

  17. Laser Rate Equations Purpose Dynamic properties of laser emitters, such as relaxation oscillation, turn-on jitter, laser chirp, etc. can significantly affect the performance of optical communication systems, if a direct laser modulation is used. A “system laser model” described in the module Laser CW takes into account the spectral and noise properties of the laser transmitters, but ignores their dynamic behavior. Although the Laser CW model is suitable for a description of externally modulated CW-lasers, it fails to simulate the directly modulated lasers.

  18. Externally modulated laser transmitter Purpose The module simulates an externally modulated laser. This module is a galaxy and consists of a cw laser, a PRBS generator, an NRZ coder, a rise time adjustment and a Mach-Zehnder modulator. Outputs output = optical modulated signal (signal type: Optical Blocks)

  19. Non Linear Dispersive Fiber Purpose The module solves the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation describing the propagation of linearly polarized optical waves in fibers using the split-step Fourier method. The model takes into account stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), four-wave mixing (FWM), self-phase modulation (SPM), cross phase modulation (XPM), first order group-velocity dispersion (GVD), second order GVD and attenuation of the fiber. For parameterized signals (CW representation) an ordinary differential equation system taking into account stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and frequency depended attenuation is applied. Inputs input = optical signal (signal type: Optical Blocks) Outputs output = optical signal (signal type: Optical Blocks)

  20. Ideal Amplifier Purpose This module simulates a system-oriented amplifier with a wavelength independent gain and noise figure behavior. By parameter selection the module may act in a gain-controlled, output-power-controlled, or saturating (uncontrolled) mode. The model is not only restricted to high gain amplifiers but is also valid for low gain and even damping amplifiers. Inputs input = optical signal (signal type: Optical Blocks, Optical Samples) Outputs output = optical signal (signal type: Optical Blocks, Optical Samples, corresponding to the input)

  21. Attenuator Purpose The module attenuates the optical signal. Inputs input = optical signal (signal type: Optical Blocks, Optical Samples) Outputs output = optical signal (signal type: Optical Blocks, Optical Samples)

  22. Coupler Purpose The module models an optical coupler for combining or splitting of optical signals. It can also be used as a physical signal splitter for signal check. Inputs input1 = optical signal (signal type: Optical Blocks, Optical Samples) input2 = optical signal (signal type: Optical Blocks, Optical Samples) Outputs output1 = optical signal (signal type: Optical Blocks, Optical Samples) output2 = optical signal (signal type: Optical Blocks, Optical Samples)

  23. Isolator Purpose The module acts an ideal isolator. Inputs inForward = optical signal (signal type: Optical Blocks) inBackward = optical signal (signal type: Optical Blocks) Outputs outForward = optical signal (signal type: Optical Blocks)

  24. Circulator Purpose This module simulates a non-ideal clockwise circulator. Terminals in1 = optical input forward at port 1 (signal type: Optical Blocks) in2 = optical input forward at port 2 (signal type: Optical Blocks) in3 = optical input forward at port 3 (signal type: Optical Blocks) Outputs out1 = optical input forward at port 1 (signal type: Optical Blocks) out2 = optical input forward at port 2 (signal type: Optical Blocks) out3 = optical input forward at port 3 (signal type: Optical Blocks)

  25. Photodiode PIN Purpose The module acts as a PIN photodiode with additive Gaussian white noise sources. Inputs input = optical signal (signal type: Optical Blocks, Optical Samples) Outputs output = electrical signal (signal type: Electrical Blocks, Electrical Samples)

  26. Clock Recovery Ideal Purpose The module determines the time delay between the incoming signal and the original signal, which is automatically regenerated from the specified logical information attached to the incoming signal without the need of a reference input. Thus, this module acts as an ideal clock recovery. Inputs input = electrical signal (signal type: Electrical Blocks) Outputs output = electrical signal, which is a delayed copy of the input (signal type: Electrical Blocks) Description The module synchronizes the incoming electrical signal with the original transmitted signal. The original signal is regenerated from the specified logical information channel attached to the physical signal. From logical information, like the digital bit stream, pulse shape, coding type, modulation type, and bit rate, a copy of the initially sent signal is built. The time delay is calculated from the cross correlation of the incoming electrical signal and the internally regenerated original signal. The incoming signal is then shifted in time, so that the electrical output signal is a time delayed copy of the incoming signal.

  27. Optical Spectral Analyzer Purpose This module is an Optical Spectrum Analyzer (OSA). Inputs input (multiple) = optical signal (signal type: Optical Blocks)

  28. Time Domain Visualizer Purpose This module displays electrical and optical signal waveforms (in the time domain). Input input (multiple)= input signal (signal type: Optical Blocks, Optical Samples, Electrical Blocks, ElectricalSamples)

  29. Eye Diagram (Part of Time domain Visualizer) An eye pattern is obtained by superimposing the actual waveforms for large numbers of transmitted or received symbols

  30. Eye Diagram (Part of Time domain Visualizer) The signal must not intrude into the shaded areas

  31. Eye Diagram (Part of Time domain Visualizer)

  32. Power meter Purpose The module is a power meter and may be used for power calculations. Input input = optical signal (signal type: Optical Blocks) Output output = optical power (signal type: Float)

  33. Bit Error Rate Estimation Purpose The module evaluates the system performance by estimating the bit error rate (BER) using a Gaussian approximation. The influence of intersymbol interferences (ISI) can also be taken into account. The module uses the bit sequence from input port bits to determine the marks and spaces in the received signal. Inputs input = Input of electrical signal. (signal type: Electrical Blocks) bits = Bit sequence originally sent. (signal type: int) Outputs ber = Average BER over sampled time slot. (signal type: float) q = Q-value over sampled time slot. (signal type: float)

  34. So what is your task? You have to solve the assigned simulation problems Remember: Those simulations are 10% of your final mark.

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