1 / 35

The Technology in E-government

The Technology in E-government. PAD 6710: Lecture 3. M, E, P government. Four levels of e-government E-gov information Providing govt. info. online E-gov Automation Automating manual work E-gov reengineering Redesign of existing processes P-gov innovation Performance government

yuval
Download Presentation

The Technology in E-government

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Technology in E-government PAD 6710: Lecture 3

  2. M, E, P government • Four levels of e-government • E-gov information • Providing govt. info. online • E-gov Automation • Automating manual work • E-gov reengineering • Redesign of existing processes • P-gov innovation • Performance government • 311 (Customer Relationship Management)

  3. Technologies • Computers: Smart Machines? • Communication systems • Communications infrastructure • Emerging technology trends • RFID • GIS

  4. Computer systems • First generation computers (1951-58) • Vacuum tube circuits [ENIAC to UNIVAC] • Machine Language • Second generation (1959-63) • Transistors; mainframe computers • Compiler Programs (FORTRAN/ COBOL) • Third generation (1964-75) • Minicomputers (DEC); Integrated circuits (LSI) • BASIC, ALGOL • Fourth generation (1970s-) • Microprocessors (VLSI) • Industry specific softwares

  5. Computers • Laptops • 1979-87: Emerging period • 1987-95: Diversification period (Apple) • 1995-2001: Standardization period (of Operating Systems) • 2001-: Growth period (Netbooks included) • Smart machine: Turing test • Logic; enumeration; artificial intelligence • Moore’s law: Increasing density

  6. Communications: Phones • Landlines based • Telegraph (1844); Telephone (1876) • Extensive infrastructure • PBX/ PABX/ EPABX • Circuit switching • Wireless based • Mass media (Radio/ TV) • Mobile phone Generations • 1G: Analog Cellular phones (1981-90) • 2G: Digital cellular phones (1991-01) [GSM; CDMA; TDMA] • 3G: Digital data phones (2001-now) [UMTS; EVDO • 4G?: Faster data phones [LTE; WiMax;UMB]

  7. Communication: Internet • Federal Network systems • ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency) • NSFNET • University Consortiums • BITNET • Browser/ Network Protocols • File Transfer Protocol (FTP), 1971 • Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol (TCP/ IP) • Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) • Domain Name System (DNS) [Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers]

  8. Communications: IP based • Digital Infrastructure • Packet switching • Voice Over IP • Internet Protocol TV

  9. IP based services

  10. IP based services • Podcasts; Really Simple Syndication (RSS) • Collective intelligence: blogs, wikis, twitter • Multimedia (Youtube) • Peer to Peer networks [Trading (ebay), Lending] (prosper.com) • Social networking(LinkedIn; Xanga) • Transaction-oriented communities • Interest-oriented communities • Fantasy-oriented communities • Relationship-oriented communities

  11. Digital will replace Analog • IP based TV will replace Cathode Ray tube TV • Digital Personal Communications Service (PCS) phones will replace Cell phones • Multipurpose Digital phones • VoIP • E-conferencing • Multimedia (Cellywood) • GPS • Data mining techniques • If anything can be digitized, it will

  12. Gov 2.0

  13. Virtual World Simulations • Life imitating … (art, comic books,…) • 3D Internet • Video/ Electronic/ Virtual Gaming • Pachinko • Play money (QQ coins) • Second Life/ Active Worlds • Virtual currency (Linden) • Virtual real estate • Virtual persona • Uses • Libraries • Museums • Colleges and universities • The media

  14. Virtual Worlds

  15. Cloud computing • Also, distributed/grid computing • Computing services are delivered over the Internet, on demand, from a remote location, rather than residing on one’s own desktop, laptop, mobile device, or even on an organization’s servers • Benefits • Rapid scalability and deployment capabilities • Decreased maintenance/upgrades • Improved economies of scale

  16. Cloud computing

  17. Communications Infrastructure • Network • Telephone Modems [56.6 kbps] • Broadbands >200 • Digital Subscriber Line (256 Kbps to 6 Mbps) [20 to 1 contention ratio] • Cable Modems (1 – 6 Mbps) [50 to 1 contention ratio] • T1/ T2 lines [10-100 Mbps] • Network infrastructure • Wired or Wireless

  18. Wired communications • Fiber to the Home (FTTH) • Delivery of communications over optical fiber • About 1.2% of homes have FTTH connections. • Dallas, Jackson (TN), Sacramento

  19. Broadband over Power Line • Power Line Communications (PLC), Power Line Telecommunications (PLT) • Manassas, VA deployed the nation's first citywide BPL system recently • The National Association for Amateur Radio opposes the idea due to interference with radio waves

  20. BPL

  21. Wireless infrastructure • Licensed vs unlicensed frequency • Personal Area Networks (e.g.Bluetooth, Ultra Wide Band) • 2.4 Ghz; 720 kbps • Medium Range • Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) • Range upto 300’; 2.4 GHz • IEEE 802.11 standard • Long Range • WiMax (Wireless Interoperability for Microwave Access) • Range upto 30 miles • IEEE 802.16 standard • Mesh Networks • Satellite

  22. Wireless Infrastructure • Wireless is the future of broadband. • Electromagnetic radio waves is the next REAL ESTATE • FCC auctioning of 700 MHz band spectrum • Need for transmitters • Bluetooth, UWB; Wi-Fi; WiMax; Mesh • Hybrid • Telephone lines; Electrical lines (BPL); Optical Fibers (FTTH)

  23. Technology Progress: ISPs, 2000

  24. Technology Progress: ISPs, 2004

  25. Technology Progress: ISPs, 2006

  26. Municipal Wi-Fi

  27. Emerging technology trends

  28. RFID • RFID tags: Active; Passive; Semi-passive • RFID receivers • Electronic product codes • Uses: • Supply Chain Management • Asset (Inventory) Management • Maintenance of materiel

  29. RFID: CBP

  30. RFID: Verichip HTTP://WWW.SPYCHIPS.COM

  31. RFID Sensor Devices • RFID tags (with EPC) will become cheap enough to tag objects & persons • Alternative: Smart cards • Are RFID tags SPY CHIPS?

  32. Location based service: GIS • Desktop GIS • Proprietary GIS software • Accessible to one person at a time • Developer = User • Steep learning curve • Web-GIS • Proprietary GIS software • Accessible over internet • Separation of developers and users • Flatter learning curve for users • Geospatial Web (Where 2.0?) • Tagging content and data with geographic metadata • Open access to GIS • GIS combined with Web 2.0 tools (mashups) • Multiple developers as well as users • Uses • Emergency management; Surveillance; Transit • Loopt; Google’s Latitude; Foursquare; Hot Potato; Whrrl; Gowalla

  33. GIS: Virtual Alabama

  34. GALILEO

  35. GALILEO

More Related