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Topic 2.7 Colonial society and culture 1607-1754

Topic 2.7 Colonial society and culture 1607-1754. Learning Objective:. Explain how and why the movement of a variety of the people and ideas across the Atlantic contributed to the development of American culture over time. Thematic Focus:.

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Topic 2.7 Colonial society and culture 1607-1754

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  1. Topic 2.7Colonial society and culture1607-1754

  2. Learning Objective: • Explain how and why the movement of a variety of the people and ideas across the Atlantic contributed to the development of American culture over time.

  3. Thematic Focus: • Creative expression, demographic change, philosophy, religious beliefs, scientific ideas, social mores, and technology shape national, regional, and group cultures in America, and these varying cultures often play a role in shaping government policy and developing economic systems.

  4. Religious Diversity • Puritan Intolerance • Anne Hutchinson • Banished for challenging Puritan gender roles • Roger Williams • Religious toleration • Separation of church and state • Founding of Rhode Island, New Hampshire, and Connecticut • Most liberal, free colonies • Weakening of Puritan Control • Halfway Covenant

  5. Population growth • European Immigrants • Settled in Appalachia • English, Scots-Irish, German • Africans • 20% of population • Majority in SC, VA

  6. colonial society • General Characteristics • Self-Government • Democratic Institutions • House of Burgesses • Mayflower Compact • Town Meetings • Fundamental Orders • Religious Toleration • No Hereditary Aristocracy • Social Mobility • “Puritan Ethic”

  7. Culture • Arts and Sciences • Architecture • Painting • Literature • Benjamin Franklin • Anne Bradstreet • Phillis Wheatley • James Fenimore Cooper • Science

  8. Culture • Education • Limited, but varied by colony • Formal education solely for males • Sectarian Bible colleges • Occupations • Ministry • Physicians • Lawyers

  9. Culture • Emergence of a National Character • Distinctly American viewpoint • Leaving Europe • Heritage of England • Influence of the environment • Property rights • Free speech

  10. Culture • The Family • Men • Owned land • Dominated political, economic, and domestic life • Women • Lost property when married • No political rights • Worked in the home • Children • Large families • Played a role in household economy

  11. Culture • Challenges with Established Churches • State-sponsored churches had smallest membership • Halfway Covenant • Great Awakening • Overview—religious revival • New Light Ministers—new sects • Religious Impact—emotionalism • Political Influence—challenged authority figures

  12. Learning Objective: • Explain how and why the different goals and interests of European leaders and colonists affected how they viewed themselves and their relationship with Britain.

  13. Thematic Focus: • The development of and debates about democracy, freedom, citizenship, diversity, and individualism shape American national identity, cultural values, and beliefs about American exceptionalism, and in turn, these ideas shape political institutions and society. Throughout American history, notions of national identity and culture have coexisted with varying degrees of regional and group identities.

  14. Economic Specialization • New England • Small farming, fishing, wood products, shipbuilding • Increasingly incompatible with mercantilism • Middle Colonies • Small farming, trading • South • Export of “cash crops” • Close ties to England

  15. Resistance to Imperial Control • Great Awakening Ideals • The Enlightenment • Use of reason to solve problems • John Locke • Natural laws • Purpose of government • Right to revolt • The Zenger Case • Jailed for libel for criticizing NY governor • Acquitted by jury who disregarded common law • Encouraged criticism of public officials

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