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Splash Screen. Introduction Section 1: The Economy Section 2: People and Their Environment Visual Summary. Chapter Menu.

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  1. Splash Screen

  2. Introduction Section 1:The Economy Section 2:People and Their Environment Visual Summary Chapter Menu

  3. The United States and Canada are among the world’s top economic powers. A study of these nations today will reveal how people make their livings, how their economies are interrelated with each other and with other nations, and how their ways of life impact the environment. Chapter Intro 1

  4. Section 1:The Economy The characteristics and distribution of human populations affect physical and human systems.The economies of the United States and Canada have grown and changed according to where and how the citizens of the two countries live. Chapter Intro 2

  5. Section 2:People and Their Environment Human actions modify the physical environment.People of the United States and Canada are seeking ways to manage resources, overcome the effects of pollution, and avoid further damage to the environment. Chapter Intro 3

  6. Chapter Preview-End

  7. The Economy This section discusses the economic activities, transportation and communications systems, trade relationships, and international role of the United States and Canada today. Section 1-GTR

  8. The Economy • market economy • arable • monopoly • global economy • trade deficit • tariff • trade surplus • outsourcing • postindustrial • central business district • retooling • commodity Section 1-GTR

  9. The Economy • decline • domestic • monitoring Section 1-GTR

  10. The Economy A. Silicon Valley B. Manufacturing Belt C. Wheat Belt D. Corn Belt E. Ohio River F. Trans-Canada Highway Section 1-GTR

  11. A B C The Economy The United States and Canada operate under what type of economy? A.Command economy B.Market economy C.Traditional economy Section 1

  12. Economic Activities The United States and Canada have market economies based on growing service and high-tech industries, as well as on manufacturing and agriculture. • Both the U.S. and Canada are developing post-industrial economies. Section 1

  13. Economic Activities(cont.) • The largest area of economic growth in both places is in service industries: • Government • Education • Health care • Banking • Manufacturing accounts for about 20% of both the U.S. and Canadian economies. The Changing U.S. Workplace Section 1

  14. Economic Activities(cont.) • Farming in the U.S. and Canada is overwhelmingly commercial, with agricultural commodities produced for sale. • The number of farmers has decreased due to: • The high cost of farming • Unpredictable consumer demand • The risk of natural disasters • The time and hard work needed to run a farm Section 1

  15. Economic Activities(cont.) • Key products: • Cattle • Wheat • Corn Section 1

  16. A B C D A significant amount of the region’s manufacturing activities include which type of products? A.Transportation equipment and machinery B.Computers and other technological devices C.Building materials D.Tools and hardware Section 1

  17. Transportation and Communications People in the United States and Canada depend on reliable and continually improving transportation and communications systems. • Reliable transportation and communication systems are essential due to: • The large land area of both countries • Their population distribution • Their need to move goods and services Section 1

  18. Transportation and Communications(cont.) • The automobile has been the most popular means of personal transportation since WWII. • Problems due to the automobile: • Air pollution • Traffic congestion The U.S. Interstate Highway System Section 1

  19. Transportation and Communications(cont.) • Other means of transportation: • Air travel • Railroads • Ships/barges (inland waterways) • Trucks • Pipelines (gas and oil) Section 1

  20. Transportation and Communications(cont.) • Communication networks: • Cellular and digital services • Television • Radio • Newspapers and magazines Section 1

  21. A B C D Which type of transportation is used to move the most goods? A.Railroads B.Ships/barges C.Trucks D.Airplanes Section 1

  22. Trade and Interdependence The United States and Canada are connected to other countries through trade and in facing the challenges of global terrorism and building a more peaceful world. • The U.S. spends more on imports than it earns from exports, resulting in a trade deficit. However, Canada enjoys a trade surplus. Section 1

  23. Trade and Interdependence(cont.) • In 1994, the North American Free Trade Agreement was signed (NAFTA), including the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. • After September 11, 2001, the U.S. and Canada created the Smart Border action plan to enhance border security. U.S.- Canadian Interdependence Section 1

  24. A B C D Why does Canada have a trade surplus instead of deficit? A.Better government management B.Less tariffs C.Smaller population D.Outsourcing Section 1

  25. Section 1-End

  26. People and Their Environment This section discusses ecological damage caused by people and industries in the United States and Canada and the efforts being made to better manage resources, stop future pollution, and reduce the effects of current pollution. Section 2-GTR

  27. People and Their Environment • clear-cutting • smog • eutrophication • overfishing • acid rain • conversion • cooperative Section 2-GTR

  28. People and Their Environment A. New Orleans B. Rio Grande C. Alaska Section 2-GTR

  29. A B C People and Their Environment Large parts of eastern Canada still suffer from the effects of what brought on by the United States? A.Smog B.Acid rain C.Eutrophication Section 2

  30. Managing Resources People in the United States and Canada are evaluating the negative effects of human activity on the environment and realizing the importance of managing natural resources wisely. • Ways that the natural resources of the U.S. and Canada have been mismanaged: • Clear-cutting • Overfishing Section 2

  31. Managing Resources(cont.) • Hunting and driving away wildlife • The introduction of non-native plant and animal species to certain areas • Destruction of wetlands Section 2

  32. A B C What environmental issue are you most concerned about? A.Polluted air B.Polluted water C.Polluted land Section 2

  33. Human Impact Human-made pollution has damaged the region’s environment in various ways, leading people to actively seek solutions to the problem. • Human-made pollution: • Acid rain • Smog • Sewage and industrial/agricultural wastes leaking into water Section 2

  34. Human Impact (cont.) • Reversing the effects of pollution: • The U.S. and Canada signed the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement • The U.S. passed the Clean Water Act Energy Benefits and Drawbacks Section 2

  35. A B C Are there any ways that your community tries to reduce pollution? A.City ordinances or fines B.Alternative energies encouraged C.Construction of green homes or businesses Section 2

  36. Future Challenges Responding to global warming and developing clean, efficient, renewable energy sources are challenges for the future of the region. • The effects of global warming can be seen in the Arctic regions of Alaska and Canada. • The U.S. and Canada are working to diversify energy sources to lessen the dependency on fossil fuels. Section 2

  37. A B C D Which of the following factors do you think is most important when deciding on alternative energy sources? A.Dependability B.Efficiency C.Cost D.Availability Section 2

  38. Section 2-End

  39. Changing Economies VS 1

  40. Environmental Crisis? • The United States and Canada have mismanaged resources in the past. • Pollutants were released into the air that have since caused acid rain, smog, and water pollution. • New technologies, alternative energy sources, and stricter environmental standards are some of the ways the United States and Canada are repairing the environment. VS 2

  41. VS-End

  42. Figure 1

  43. Figure 2

  44. Figure 3

  45. Figure 4

  46. DFS Trans 1

  47. sulfur dioxide gas and water vapor DFS Trans 2

  48. market economy an economic system based on free enterprise, in which businesses are privately owned, and production and prices are determined by supply and demand Vocab1

  49. postindustrial an economy with less emphasis on heavy industry and manufacturing and more emphasis on services and technology Vocab2

  50. central business district the traditional business and commercial center of a city or town, sometimes referred to as downtown Vocab3

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