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Great Thinkers Think Alike!

Great Thinkers Think Alike!. Socrates Plato and Aristotle. Compiled by Amy. Philosophy. The study of General and fundamental problems such as: Reality Existence Knowledge Values Reason Mind Language Uses a critical approach to rational argument

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Great Thinkers Think Alike!

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  1. Great Thinkers Think Alike! Socrates Plato and Aristotle Compiled by Amy

  2. Philosophy • The study of General and fundamental problems such as: • Reality • Existence • Knowledge • Values • Reason • Mind • Language • Uses a critical approach to rational argument • Philosophy comes from the greek word philosophia which means the “love of wisdom”

  3. Rational Argument • Not an argument but a discussion • With many rules of respect and response • Each point in a discussion is • Discussed • questioned

  4. Three Great Thinkers • Socrates • Plato • Aristotle

  5. Socrates • Athenian Philospher • 469BC – 399BC • Know about him from Aristophanes plays • Father of Ethics • Socratic Method • Socrates once said, "I know you won't believe me, but the highest form of Human Excellence is to question oneself and others."

  6. Socratic MethodRational Argument • Obsessed with truth and how to find it • Ask Questions • Determine the beliefs of the other person • Force that person to answer questions that contradict their own beliefs • By destroying someone’s argument you eliminate possibilities

  7. Socrates Rules • No one desires evil. • No one errs or does wrong willingly or knowingly. • Virtue—all virtue—is knowledge. • Virtue is sufficient for happiness • The phrase socratic paradox can also refer to a self-referential paradox, originating in Socrates' phrase, “I know that I know nothing”

  8. Trial and Death of Socrates • He is put on trial for “corrupting the youth” and sentenced to death. • He made the youth question some of the Ancient Greek held beliefs. • His students went to the jail to argue with him to escape and go into exile. • I won’t tell you what happens!

  9. Plato • Born in Athens 429 • Student of Socrates • Founded the Academy • Wrote his teachings and dialogues down

  10. Plato’s Republic • Considered Plato’s masterpiece. • Describes what Plato thought would be a better form of government • Plato thought that most people were pretty stupid • They should not be voting about what to do. • Instead, the best people should be chosen to be the Guardians of the rest.

  11. Plato’s Chair

  12. Plato’s Cave • In the cave men chained to only see the back wall • One escapes • Sees the outside world • Goes back to explain it. • Do they believe him or think him crazy?

  13. Plato’s Passion • What really matters? • What is real to you? • How do you know? • Immortality of the soul • The afterlife • Defines the difference between what is real and what is knowable.

  14. Aristotle • Ancient Greek Philosopher • Polymath • Student of Plato • Teacher of Alexander the Great • Wrote about almost every subject. • Aristotle's theory of logic completely accounted for the core of deductive Reasoning

  15. Aristotle’s Concerns • Studied almost every subject • Sciences: Anatomy, astronomy, embryology, geography, geology, meteorology, physics, and zoology. • Philosophy: Aesthetics, ethics, government, metaphysics, politics, economics, psychology, rhetoric, and theology. • Education, foreign Customs, Literature and Poetry

  16. Deductive Logic • Aristotle departed from his two predecessors’ line of thought, • relying more on sensory input as a source of knowledge. • Today Aristotle is thought of as the granddaddy of the scientific method—despite the fact that he relied on pure reason, not experiment, to come to a conclusion • He was often wrong because he didn’t use a scientific method.

  17. Truth of Aristotle • Aristotle was threatened by Alexander the Great. • Aristotle refused to believe that Alexander was a GOD. • He knew Alexander as a child, young man, and adult. There was nothing divine. • Many people believe that Aristotle was responsbile for Alexander’s death but it is contrary to all Aristotles teachings.

  18. In Order • Socrates taught Plato • Plato taught Aristotle • Aristotle taught Alexander the Great.

  19. Assignment • 3 biocards • Write a description of something common without using the name of it. • Try to use descriptions that do not give the item away. • We will use logic to determine what you are describing.

  20. The Seeds of Knowledge Make a scroll page decorated in Greek form with beans and/or seeds. On the perimeter. Have the children ask questions based on the philosophy methods of each of the three thinkers: Use this as an example. Let htem give their answers. It may be surprising? Socrates asks Is this truly a seed? How do you know it is a seed? What is a seed? Plato asks What does a seed signify to you? Aristotle asks What kind of seed is this? All seeds grow into plants. This is a seed This will grow into a plant.

  21. More Sources! • http://www.gardenofpraise.com/ibdarist.htm • Historyforkids.org • Plato’s Republic • Trial and Death of Socrates • http://www.mentalfloss.com/difference/socrates-vs-plato-vs-aristotle/#ixzz2EANRWwUG • http://www.historyguide.org/ancient/lecture8b.html

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