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Political Parties Organizing Politics

7. Political Parties Organizing Politics. 7. Learning Objectives. Show how the relationship between organization and political power explains political parties and interest groups. 7.1. Assess the trends regarding party identification and loyalty of voters. 7.2. 7. Learning Objectives.

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Political Parties Organizing Politics

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  1. 7 Political PartiesOrganizing Politics

  2. 7 Learning Objectives • Show how the relationship between organization and political power explains political parties and interest groups 7.1 • Assess the trends regarding party identification and loyalty of voters 7.2

  3. 7 Learning Objectives • Trace changes in political parties over the course of American history 7.3 • Outline the functions and perceptions of the two major American political parties, explain how the parties are financed, and assess their changing role in the electoral process 7.4

  4. 7 Learning Objectives • Differentiate among the three political arenas in which the parties battle 7.5 • Describe changes in the function of the national party conventions 7.6

  5. 7 Learning Objectives • Evaluate the role of third parties within the U.S. electoral system 7.7 • Determine why the American two-party system has persisted 7.8

  6. The Power of Organization 7.1 • Political organizations • Parties • Interest groups • Informal division of functions • Parties – elections • Interest groups – policy

  7. 7.1 7.1Which political organization is more concerned with winning elections than influencing policy? Interest groups Political parties Both are concerned with elections Neither is concerned with elections

  8. 7.1 7.1Which political organization is more concerned with winning elections than influencing policy? Interest groups Political parties Both are concerned with elections Neither is concerned with elections

  9. 7.2 Party Voters • Realignment • Dealignment • Party Loyalty in Voting • Red States, Blue States

  10. 7.2 FIGURE 7.1: Political democracy: Organizations as intermediaries

  11. 7.2 Donkey and elephant

  12. 7.2 Party Voters • Realignment • Dealignment • Party Loyalty in Voting • Red States, Blue States

  13. 7.2 FIGURE 7.2: Party identification in the electorate

  14. 7.2 FIGURE 7.3: Who backs whom?: Social-group support for the Democratic and Republican parties

  15. 7.2 FIGURE 7.4: Who voted how?: Republican, Democratic, and Independent voters in presidential elections

  16. Party Voters 7.2 • Realignment • Dealignment • Party Loyalty in Voting • Red States, Blue States

  17. 7.2 FIGURE 7.5: Red states, blue states

  18. 7.2 7.2How many definite party realignments have occurred in U.S. history? 4 6 3 No one knows for sure

  19. 7.2 7.2How many definite party realignments have occurred in U.S. history? 4 6 3 No one knows for sure

  20. 7.3 American Parties: A Historical Perspective • Emergent Party System: Federalists and Democratic-Republicans • Jefferson’s Democratic-Republicans • System of ’24: Jacksonian Democrats and Whigs • System of ’60: Battlefield Sectionalism and Republican Dominance • System of ’96: Gilded Age Realignment

  21. 7.3 American Parties: A Historical Perspective • Republican Split, Democratic Win • System of ’32: New Deal Democratic Party • Turmoil and the Great Dealignment • Reagan ’80 as Realignment • 1992 to Today: Era of Polarization • A Nation Divided • Recent Realignment?

  22. 7.3 American Parties: A Historical Perspective • Emergent Party System: Federalists and Democratic-Republicans • Jefferson’s Democratic-Republicans • System of ’24: Jacksonian Democrats and Whigs • System of ’60: Battlefield Sectionalism and Republican Dominance • System of ’96: Gilded Age Realignment

  23. 7.3 FIGURE 7.6: Change and continuity: American party system, 1789-2012

  24. 7.3 American Parties: A Historical Perspective • Emergent Party System: Federalists and Democratic-Republicans • Jefferson’s Democratic-Republicans • System of ’24: Jacksonian Democrats and Whigs • System of ’60: Battlefield Sectionalism and Republican Dominance • System of ’96: Gilded Age Realignment

  25. 7.3 American Parties: A Historical Perspective • Emergent Party System: Federalists and Democratic-Republicans • Jefferson’s Democratic-Republicans • System of ’24: Jacksonian Democrats and Whigs • System of ’60: Battlefield Sectionalism and Republican Dominance • System of ’96: Gilded Age Realignment • Republican Split, Democratic Win

  26. 7.3 American Parties: A Historical Perspective • System of ’32: New Deal Democratic Party • Turmoil and the Great Dealignment • Reagan ’80 as Realignment • 1992 to Today: Era of Polarization • A Nation Divided • Recent Realignment?

  27. 7.3 Inspiring confidence

  28. 7.3 American Parties: A Historical Perspective • System of ’32: New Deal Democratic Party • Turmoil and the Great Dealignment • Reagan ’80 as Realignment • 1992 to Today: Era of Polarization • A Nation Divided • Recent Realignment?

  29. 7.3 American Parties: A Historical Perspective • System of ’32: New Deal Democratic Party • Turmoil and the Great Dealignment • Reagan ’80 as Realignment • 1992 to Today: Era of Polarization • A Nation Divided • Recent Realignment?

  30. 7.3 Power of unity

  31. 7.3 American Parties: A Historical Perspective • System of ’32: New Deal Democratic Party • Turmoil and the Great Dealignment • Reagan ’80 as Realignment • 1992 to Today: Era of Polarization • A Nation Divided • Recent Realignment?

  32. American Parties: A Historical Perspective 7.3 • System of ’32: New Deal Democratic Party • Turmoil and the Great Dealignment • Reagan ’80 as Realignment • 1992 to Today: Era of Polarization • A Nation Divided • Recent Realignment?

  33. 7.3 7.3Since the 1960s, the Republican Party has gained which elements of the electorate? Southern whites Social conservatives Business owners All of the above

  34. 7.3 7.3Since the 1960s, the Republican Party has gained which elements of the electorate? Southern whites Social conservatives Business owners All of the above

  35. 7.4 Political Parties and Democratic Government • “Responsible” Parties in Theory • But Winning Prevails over Principle • Party and Ideology • Erosion of Traditional Party Functions • Divided Party Government • Party Finances • Partisan Tilt of Campaign Contributions • Parties as Organizers of Elections

  36. 7.4 Political Parties and Democratic Government • Early Party Conventions • Party Primaries • Types of Primaries • Party Caucuses • Americans Elect Internet Primary • General Elections

  37. 7.4 Political Parties and Democratic Government • “Responsible” Parties in Theory • But Winning Prevails over Principle • Party and Ideology • Erosion of Traditional Party Functions • Divided Party Government • Party Finances • Partisan Tilt of Campaign Contributions • Parties as Organizers of Elections

  38. 7.4 FIGURE 7.7: Why parties drift to the center

  39. 7.4 FIGURE 7.8: Why parties polarize

  40. 7.4 Political Parties and Democratic Government • “Responsible” Parties in Theory • But Winning Prevails over Principle • Party and Ideology • Erosion of Traditional Party Functions • Divided Party Government • Party Finances • Partisan Tilt of Campaign Contributions • Parties as Organizers of Elections

  41. 7.4 TABLE 7.1: Who votes for the parties? Party and ideology among voters

  42. 7.4 Political Parties and Democratic Government • “Responsible” Parties in Theory • But Winning Prevails over Principle • Party and Ideology • Erosion of Traditional Party Functions • Divided Party Government • Party Finances • Partisan Tilt of Campaign Contributions • Parties as Organizers of Elections

  43. 7.4 TABLE 7.2: Where’s the money?: Party finances in millions

  44. 7.4 Political Parties and Democratic Government • “Responsible” Parties in Theory • But Winning Prevails over Principle • Party and Ideology • Erosion of Traditional Party Functions • Divided Party Government • Party Finances • Partisan Tilt of Campaign Contributions • Parties as Organizers of Elections

  45. 7.4 TABLE 7.3: Who finances the parties?: Contributors to the Republican and Democratic parties by sector

  46. 7.4 Political Parties and Democratic Government • Early Party Conventions • Party Primaries • Types of Primaries • Party Caucuses • Americans Elect Internet Primary • General Elections

  47. 7.4 Political Parties and Democratic Government • Early Party Conventions • Party Primaries • Types of Primaries • Party Caucuses • Americans Elect Internet Primary • General Elections

  48. Political Parties and Democratic Government 7.4 • Early Party Conventions • Party Primaries • Types of Primaries • Party Caucuses • Americans Elect Internet Primary • General Elections

  49. 7.4 7.4How were party nominees originally selected? By caucuses in each state By nominating conventions By primary elections By party leaders

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