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Using Belleville Springs in Sealing Applications to Reduce Fugitive Emissions

Using Belleville Springs in Sealing Applications to Reduce Fugitive Emissions. George P. Davet Solon Manufacturing Co. Belleville Springs Division . Presenter. George Davet – B.S.M.E., M.B.A. Vice President/Chief Engineer, Solon Manufacturing Co.

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Using Belleville Springs in Sealing Applications to Reduce Fugitive Emissions

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  1. Using BellevilleSprings in Sealing Applications to Reduce Fugitive Emissions George P. Davet Solon Manufacturing Co.Belleville Springs Division

  2. Presenter George Davet – B.S.M.E., M.B.A. Vice President/Chief Engineer, Solon Manufacturing Co. • George Davet, B.S.M.E., M.B.A., has been with Solon Manufacturing Company since 1993.  He currently holds the position of Vice President/Chief Engineer for the Belleville Springs and Pressure Switch Divisions. His responsibilities include overseeing new product design, R&D testing programs, and application assistance for all of Solon Manufacturing’s products. George has written and published articles on the application of Belleville Springs. He has also presented to the valve industry on live loading applications. • George received his BSME from Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio.  He received his MBA from Case Western Reserve University’s Weatherhead School of Management.

  3. Section IBelleville Spring Definition and Theory? • Section IIApplications of Belleville Springs • Section IIIHow to Select a Belleville Spring

  4. What is a Belleville Spring? Section I

  5. Typical Belleville Spring Comprised of 5 Main Components • Outside Diameter • Inside Diameter • Material Thickness • Overall Height • Deflection or Movement (h) OD H h T ID

  6. Typical Load Curve for a BellevilleSpring Load/Deflection Curve Other Multiple Load/ Deflection Possibilities depending on the design of the Belleville Spring

  7. 1500 lb. Flat Load (Example) 1500 1250 1000 750 500 0 20 0 10 15 Single Belleville Spring Load Deflection

  8. Flat 100% No Load 0% 33% 66% 0lbs/0kg 1000lbs/454kg 500lbs/227kg 1500lbs/680kg Belleville Spring with 1500lb/6889kg Flat Load

  9. Series Doubles deflection No load increase Parallel / Series Doubles load Doubles deflection Parallel Doubles load No deflection increase Single Specific load and deflection Stacking Arrangements of Solon Belleville Springs Flat load, deflection, or both may be altered by stacking Belleville springs in various arrangements

  10. 1250 1000 Load 750 500 250 0 60 0 20 40 Deflection Chart Deflection

  11. Typical Orientation Belleville Spring Flat 100% Belleville Spring with No Load 0%

  12. LNG Joint Diagram without Bellevilles Preload= 40,000 LBS. Residual Load= 16,000 LBS. Bolt Stretch =.005 DTE= .003

  13. LNG Joint Diagram with a Belleville Load= 40,000 LBS Residual Load= 35,200 LBS Deflection= .025 DTE= .003

  14. Applications of Belleville Springs Section II

  15. Flange Live Loading Why Do Bolted GasketedJoints Leak?

  16. Why Do Bolted Gasketed Joints Leak? # 1 Reason Loss of bolt preload

  17. Uncontrolled VOC Emissions at a Typical Refinery or Chemical Plant = 609 = 93% *Source: Protocol for Equipment Leak Emissions Estimates, EPA-453/R-95-017

  18. Selection Factors for Flange Washer Materials • Operating Temperature • ½ Process Temperature (non-insulated) • Gasket Material • Gasket Stress/Bolt Stress • Environment • Chlorides or Fluorides • Insulation

  19. Flange Washer Materials • H-13 Tool Steel • 17-7 PH Stainless Steel • Inconel 718 • Other materials available

  20. Installation Recommended for non H-13 Applications with high load requirements Recommended with bolt tension

  21. Installation Using Tensioning FlangeWashers

  22. Benefits to Using Flange Washers • Create a More Reliable Flange Assembly • Even load distribution • Maintains residual gasket/bolt load • Simplified Installation • Can be used with any bolting technique (torque wrench, tensioners, slug wrench)

  23. Benefits to Using Flange Washers • Cost Savings • No need to hot tighten • Reusable • Longer gasket life • Lower fugitive emissions • Less down time • NO LEAKS !!!!!

  24. Valve Live Loading with Belleville Springs

  25. What is Valve Live Loading? The addition of Belleville Springs to the gland follower studs maintains the packing load of the valve.

  26. Which Valves are Candidates for Live Loading? • Frequently cycled valves • Operated valves (air or motor) • Critical applications • Safety or difficult location • History of packing leaks • Monitored valves

  27. Reasons for Valve Leaks? • Wrong packing for the application • Bent, scored, or pitted valve stems • Improper packing installation • Infrequent use • Frequent or high cycles • Loss of Packing Load

  28. With Live Load Without Live Load Live Loading Comparison 34.5 5000 3000 Packing Compressive Stress (MPa) 20.7 Packing Compressive Stress (PSI) 0 5 10 In - Service Consolidation (%)

  29. Alternative Installations

  30. Alternative Installations

  31. Alternative Installations

  32. Other Live Loaded Areas Live Loaded Bonnet BellevilleSprings

  33. Ball ValvesLive Loaded Ball Seat Live Loaded Gland Seat Springs

  34. How to Select a Belleville Spring for My Application Section III

  35. Select Material Considerations: • Bolt Material • Temperature • Environment • Application • Cost • Availability

  36. 17-7 PH Stainless Steel ASTM A693 • Most widely used • Operating temperature range • -400ºF/-240ºC to 550ºF/288ºC • For indoor/outdoor service and corrosive atmospheres • NOT recommended for chloride or fluoride applications without plating • Suitable for cryogenic applications • Highly magnetic • Available Sulfamate Nickel plated (AMS 2424D)

  37. 301 Stainless Steel ASTM A666 • Operating temperature range • -400ºF/-240ºC to 550ºF/288ºC • For indoor/outdoor and corrosive atmospheres • Slightly magnetic • Finish: scale free and deburred

  38. Inconel 718 ASTM B637 • Operating temperature range • -400ºF/-240ºC to 1100ºF/593ºC • For high temperature or corrosive atmospheres • Indoor/outdoor service • Non-magnetic

  39. H-13 Tool Steel • Operating temperature range • Ambient to 1100ºF/593ºC • For indoor/outdoor, high temperature service • Fully magnetic • Finish: machined & lightly oiled ASTM A681

  40. Select the Correct Size • ID- Inside Diameter • OD- Outside Diameter • Stacking Constraints • Load

  41. Questions We Will Ask • Bolt Size • Bolt Material • Temperature • Environment • Application (valve, flange, other) • Size Constraints • Aim Preload

  42. Thank you for your time. • George Davet Solon Manufacturing Co.

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