1 / 57

Dezső Sima Spring 2007

Motherboards. Dezső Sima Spring 2007. (Ver. 2.1).  Sima Dezső, 2007. Contents. 1. Predecessors. 2 . Desktop motherboards. 2.1 Overview. 2.2 AT. 2.3 Baby AT. 2.4 LPX. 2.5 ATX. 2.6 NLX. 2.7 BTX. 3. Server/workstation motherboards. 4 . Overview of the evolution of motherboards.

wilmer
Download Presentation

Dezső Sima Spring 2007

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Motherboards Dezső Sima Spring 2007 (Ver. 2.1)  SimaDezső, 2007

  2. Contents 1. Predecessors 2. Desktop motherboards 2.1 Overview 2.2 AT 2.3 Baby AT 2.4 LPX 2.5 ATX 2.6 NLX 2.7 BTX 3. Server/workstation motherboards 4. Overview of the evolution of motherboards

  3. 1. Predecessors

  4. 1. Predecessors (1) 1/4 5 1/4 5 1/4 5 1/2 3 1/2 3 1/2 3 1/4 5 1/4 5 AT FD HD Memory size fc Memory No of ISA slots Motherboard size Date of Proc. (standard) (standard) Designation Remarks Chipset Type Min. Max. Type type intro. 8-bit 16-bit inches Mhz mm on-board on-board Size KB MB 1 IBM/PC 64 KB Soldered+DIP no no - 5 8/81 8088 4.77 16 KB 5150 2 4.77 no 360 K 10 MB 8 IBM/PC-XT 5160 Mod. 087 3/83 8088 128 KB 256 KB DIP - 8.5"*12" 216*305 - 6 2 80286 1.2 M 12"*13.8" 305*350 5170 Mod. 068 512 KB DIP 8/84 6 256 KB no Type 1 MOB IBM/PC-AT 5170 Mod. 099 8/84 6 512 KB 6 12"*13.8" 2 80286 DIP 512 KB no 360 K 20 MB 305*350 Type 1 MOB 30 MB DIP Mod. 239 10/85 80286 6 no 2 6 238*350 Type 2 MOB 512 KB 512 KB 720 K 9.3"*13.8" 3 8 4/86 512 KB 1.44 M 6 9.3"*13.8" no 512 KB 30 MB 2 Mod. 319 238*350 80286 Type 2 MOB DIP 4 238*350 Type 2 MOB 4/86 8 512 KB 1.44 M 2 6 9.3"*13.8" no 512 KB DIP Mod. 339 80286 30 MB 4 9/86 8.6"*13" 5162 DIP+SIPP/30 80286 6 640 KB 640 KB 1.2 M 20 MB no 218*330 5 IBM/PC XT-286 3 1 BASIC compiler in PROM, up to two optional FD with 160 KB/diskette, the max. on-board memory was increased to 256 KB in 3/83. 2 Several further models followed with enhanced features. Baby AT 3 84-Key keyboard. 4 101-Key keyboard. DIP: Dual in Iine Package SIPP: Single in Line Pinned Package Figure 1.1: Main features of early IBM/PCs

  5. 1. Predecessors (2) ROM RAM 16-64 kbyte or 64-256 kbyte 5x ISA/8 Casette Keyboard 8087 arithm. proc. socket Parallel I/O DMA vezérlő Intel 8088 CPU PC Figure 1.2: The motherboard of the IBM PC Source: http://www.tonh.net/museum/mobo/pccassif.html

  6. 1. Predecessors (3) DIP DIP DIP DIP Baby AT Figure 1.3: Main features of early COMPAQ PCs

  7. 2. Main types of motherboards

  8. 2. Main types of motherboards AT 5 2 4 LPX ATX w/riser NLX 3 Baby AT 7 ATX BTX 7 6 microBTX microATX 7 picoBTX 2.1. Overview (1) 8/84 Enhancedversion 1987 11/96 12/99 Chipsets Slimboxes 1 Enhancedversion Efficient cooling ~1985 8/95 Value oriented 1/98 Value oriented 9/03 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 84 1 Baby AT: Smaller board size through higher integrated components (chip sets) 2 Non-standardized slimline design with a central mounted riser card allowing 2-3 expansion slots 3 Through better component arrangement reduced cost and EMI emission, integrated AGP (from version 2.02 on) 4 Standardized, improved slimline design with an edge mounted riser card, integrated AGP 5 Low cost slimline ATX design by using a riser card with 2-3 expansion slots Figure 2.1: Genealogy of major form factors 6 Reduced size low cost ATX design with up to four expansion slots In-line core layout to improve system cooling with scalable board dimensions 7

  9. 2.1. Overview (2) AT 5 2 4 LPX ATX w/riser NLX 3 Baby AT 7 ATX BTX 7 6 microBTX microATX 7 picoBTX PCI 8/84 1987 11/96 12/99 ~1985 8/95 1/98 9/03 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 84 Figure 2.2: Introducing new types of system architectures

  10. ISA EISA PCI PCI v.2 PCI v.2.11 33 MHz 32-bit 8.33 MHz 8/16-bit 8.33 MHz 32-bit 33 MHz 64-bit 33/66 MHz 32/64-bit 1987 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 1995 Figure 2.3: Introducing the PCI bus

  11. 2.1. Overview (2) AT LPX ATX w/riser NLX Baby AT ATX BTX microBTX microATX picoBTX PCI HUB architecture 8/84 1987 11/96 12/99 ~1985 8/95 1/98 9/03 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 84 Figure 2.2: Introducing new types of system architectures

  12. PCI architecture HUB architecture P P System contr. MCH PCI Perif. contr. ICH PCI ISA Figure 2.4: Contrasting the PCI and the HUB architectures

  13. 2.1. Overview (3) AT LPX ATX w/riser NLX Baby AT ATX BTX microBTX microATX picoBTX DDR SDRAM DDR2 DIMM/168 DIMM/184 SIMM/72 DIMM/240 8/84 1987 11/96 12/99 ~1985 8/95 1/98 9/03 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 84 SIMM: Single in Line Memory Modul DIMM: Dual in Line Memory Modul Figure 2.5: Introducing new types of memory modules

  14. 2.1. Overview (4) DIPP SIPP SIMM-30 DIMM-72 DIMM-168 RIMM/184 Figure: Memory packages Source: Vikipedia

  15. 2.1. Overview (5) Figure: Clocking schemes of the SDR, DDR and DDR2 SDRAM techologies Source: Gavrichenkov I., „DDR2 vs. DDR: Revenge Gained,” Xbit Laboratories, 12/17/2004, http://www.xbitlabs.com/articles/memory/display/ddr2-ddr.html

  16. 2.1. Overview (6) AT LPX ATX w/riser NLX Baby AT ATX BTX microBTX microATX picoBTX PCI ATA AGP AC ‘97 PCI-E USB LPC SATA 8/84 1987 11/96 12/99 ~1985 8/95 1/98 9/03 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 84 Figure 2.6: Introducing new types of buses

  17. 2.1. Overview (7) Typ. nr. of Date of Type of Typical board measures (W*D) Case intro. strandard inches mm I/O-slots AT 8/84 Quasi-standard Full AT, Full Tower 8 12"*13.8" 305*350 7/8 Baby AT ~1985 Quasi-standard 8.6"*13" (~9"-13") 218*330 (~229-330) Baby AT LPX (Western Digital) ~1987 Quasi-standard 3/4 9"*13" (~9"-13") 229*330 (~229-330) Slimline (8"-9")*(10"-13.6") NLX 11/96 Standard 3/4 Slimline (203-229)*(254-345) 12"*9.6" (~7"-9.6") ATX 8/95 Standard 7 305*244 (~178-244) ATX 4 MicroATX 1/98 Standard 9.6"*9.6" MicroATX 244*244 ATX with riser 12/99 Standard 2/3 12"*9.6" (~7"-9.6") Slimline 305*244 (~178-244) Slimline MicroATX with riser 12/99 Standard 2/3 244*244 9.6"*9.6" BTX BTX 9/03 Standard 7 12.8"*10.5" 325*267 MicroBTX MicroBTX 9/03 Standard 4 10.4"*10.5" 264*267 PicoBTX 9/03 Standard 1 8"*10.5" 203*267 PicoBTX W: Maximum allowable width D: Maximum allowable depth Figure2.7: Salient features of major form factors

  18. 2.2. AT (1) 8/16-bit ISA slots 305 DIPP CPU (286) KBD KBD PC 350 Figure 2.8: Layout of an AT-motherboard

  19. 2.2. AT (2) DRAM 512 Kbyte 2x 8 bit/ 5x 16 bit ISA 8087 arithm. proc. socket Keyboard PC Intel 8088 CPU Figure 2.9: The motherboard of the IBM PC/AT Source:http://library.thinkquest.org/18268/photos.htm

  20. 2.2. AT (3) This is a Western Digital Disk Drive Interface Card. This is a Case Interface, both parallel and serial. Figure 2.10: Adapter cards of the IBM PC/AT Source:http://library.thinkquest.org/18268/photos.htm

  21. 2.3. Baby AT (1) KBD PC Power connector 244 SIMM/30 8/16-bit ISA slots L2 cache DIPP CPU (386) 218 Figure 2.11: Layout of an early Baby AT-motherboard

  22. 2.3. Baby AT (2) KBD 230 FD PC HD PCI/32 slots SIMM/72 ISA/16 slots CPU (Pentium) L2 cache 218 Figure 2.12: Layout of a late Baby AT-motherboard

  23. 2.3. Baby AT (3) 3x PCI/32 PC System contr. 4x SIMM/72 3x ISA/16 FD L2 CPU Periph. contr. IDE Figure 2.13: Example: A Pentium-based late Baby AT-motherboard

  24. 2.4. LPX (1) PCI/32 ISA/16 I/O connectors PC 330 Riser card HD FD RAM SIMM/72 CPU Pentium DIPP L2 cache 229 Figure 2.14: Layout of an LPX-motherboard

  25. 2.4. LPX (2) Figure 2.15: Example: A Pentium-based LPX-motherboard (The PB680 from Packard Bell) source: http://www.geocities.com/anotherpackardbellsite/en_pb_carte680.htm#1

  26. 2.5. ATX (1) 1  Double-high expandable I/O Figure 2.16: Layout principles of an ATX case Source: ATX Specification v. 2.01, Source: http://www.berkprod.com/docs/atx_201.pdf

  27. MIDI/Game port MIDI/Game port USB PS/2 Mouse VGA COM1 PS/2 Keyb. Line Out Line In Mic In Figure 2.17: Double height connectors of an ATX motherboard Source: ABIT SL6 Users’s Manual http://www.abit.com.tw

  28. 2.5. ATX (1) 1  Double-high expandable I/O 2  One chassis fan 3 Processor located near power supply 7 Six full-length slots 4 One power connector 5 Connectors close to peripheral bays 6 Easy to access system memory Figure 2.18: Layout principles of an ATX case Source: ATX Specification v. 2.01, Source: http://www.berkprod.com/docs/atx_201.pdf

  29. 2.5. ATX (2) ATX Baby AT AT Figure 2.19: Placement of the mounting holes on the AT, Baby AT, and ATX motherboards Source: ATX Specification v. 2.01, Source: http://www.berkprod.com/docs/atx_201.pdf

  30. 2.5. ATX (3) Main types of ATX motherboards Early PCI-based Late PCI-based Early port-based Mature port-based Serial port-based Chipset 430 440 81x/82x 84x/86x 915 Pentium PentiumII/ PentiumIII (slot 1) PentiumIII Pentium4 Pentium4 Prescott Processor Typ. Memory SIMM/72 DIMM/168 DIMM/184 DIMM/240 I/O IDE/ATA USB AGP PCI-E Example Example Example Example

  31. 2.5. ATX (4) AT 5 2 4 LPX ATX w/riser NLX 3 Baby AT ATX Early port based Serial port based Mature port based Late PCI based 8/84 1987 11/96 12/99 1 ~1985 8/95 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 84 Figure 2.20: Main types of ATX motherboards

  32. 2.5. ATX (5) USB I/O connector PC PC 186 Slot1 (Pentium II/III) PCI/32 AGP DIMM/168 ISA/16 HD FD 305 Figure 2.21: Layout of a late PCI-based ATX-motherboard

  33. 2.5. ATX (6) 3x ISA/16 4x PCI/32 AGP ATX connectors CPU (Slot1) System contr. PC 4x DIMM/168 (SDRAM) BIOS Peripherial contr. Battery FD IDE Figure 2.22: A late PCI-based motherboard for PentiumIIs (MSI’s MS-6111) (Based on Intel’s 440LX chipset for slot 1 processors (1997) Source: http://www.msi.com.tw/program/support/download

  34. 2.5. ATX (7) USB I/O connector CPU (Pentium III) PC PC 186 PCI/32 AGP DIMM/168 ISA/16 HD FD 305 Figure 2.23: Layout of an early port based ATX-motherboard for Pentium III/Pentium4 processors.

  35. 2.5. ATX (8) ATX connectors CNR 5x PCI/32 AGP PC MCH CPU Battery 3x DIMM (SDRAM) BIOS ICH FD IDE Figure 2.24: Early, port based ATX motherboard for Pentium IIIs (Abit’s SL6) (based on Intel’s 815 chipset) Source: http://www.abit-usa.com/products/mb

  36. 2.5. ATX (9) 4x PCI/32 AGP ATX connectors Battery CPU (P4) BIOS 4x DIMM/184 (DDR) ICH FD MCH PC IDE Fgure 2.25: Mature port-based ATX motherboard for Pentium4 processors (Intel’s D865PERL) Source: http://www.intel.com/products/motherboard/d865perl/index.htm

  37. 2.5. ATX (10) I/O connector PCI E. x1 CPU (Pentium 4) 244 PCI/32 PCI E. x16 HD DIMM/168 SATA PC FD 305 Figure 2.26: Layout of a serial-port based ATX-motherboard for Pentium4 Prescott processors.

  38. 2.5. ATX (11) PCI Ex16 MCH (915P/G) BIOS 2x PCI Ex1 3x PCI/32 P4 Prescott Bat IDE RAID c. (VIA 6410) IHC6/6R 4x DIMM/184/240 (DDR/DDR2) 2x USB Syst. monitoring 2xIDE IDE 4x SATA FD PS Figure 2.27: Serial port-based ATX-motherboard for Pentium4 Prescotts (MSI’s 915G Combo) http://www.pricegrabber.com/search_getprod.php/masterid=3191326

  39. 2.6. NLX (1) PCI/32 HD FD I/O connectors PC ISA/16 AGP Riser card 330 Slot1 (Pentium II/III) SIMM/168 229 Figure 2.28: Layout of an NLX-motherboard

  40. 2.6. NLX (2) Figure 2.29: View of an NLX-motherboard Source: Intel Corporation, Intel NLX Form Factor http://www.intel.com

  41. 2.7. BTX (1) Figure 2.30: Overview of BTX-motherboard sizes Source: Shimpi A.L., „Balanced Technology eXtended (BTX) Form Factor” Sept. 2003 http://www.anandtech.com/

  42. 2.7. BTX (2) I/O connector PCI E. x1 ICH SATA HD PCI/32 267 PCI E. x16 MCH FD DIPP/168 CPU (Pentium4) PC 325 Figure 2.31: Layout of a micro BTX-motherboard

  43. 2.7. BTX (3) PCI-X/64 ATX connectors PC ICH PCI IDE 4x DIMM/168 MCH FD CPU Figure 2.32: A micro BTX-motherboard (Intel’s D915GMH) http://www.intel.com/design/motherbd/mh

  44. 2.7. BTX (4) Figure 2.33: Temperature distribution in the example motherboard Source: Shimpi A.L., „Balanced Technology eXtended (BTX) Form Factor” Sept. 2003 http://www.anandtech.com/

  45. 3. Server/workstation motherboards

  46. 3. Server/workstation motherboards (1) Figure 3.1: Block diagram of a serial port-based entry level server motherboard ( P8SCT) Source:http://www.supermicro.com/products/motherboard/P4/E7221/P8SCT.cfm

  47. 3. Server/workstation motherboards (2) ATX connectors 2x GbE PCI-X 64bit 4x DIMM IDE PCI MCH E7221 ICH IPMI CPU IDE Figure 3.2: Example: A P4-based ATX-board for entry-level servers (The P8SCT from Supermicro) Source:http://www.supermicro.com/products/motherboard/P4/E7221/P8SCT.cfm

  48. 3. Server/workstation motherboards (3) IPMI: Intelligent Platform Management Interface (Intel, HP, DELL, NEC) • Set of common hardware and firmware interfaces to manage the system remotely • Operates independently of the OS • Operates even in the absence of the OS or if the monitored system is not powered on • Alerts can be sent out via a serial or LAN connection to a remote client (from v. 1.5 on) • It allows to query platform status, to review hardware logs, etc. IPMI consists of a main controller, called BMC (Baseboard Management Controller) and other satellite controllers.

  49. 3. Server/workstation motherboards (4) Remote Mgmt. Card ICMB LAN MODEM / Serial Bridge Controller Aux. IPMB “side-band” RS-232 Mgmt Netwk Ctrlr SMBus/PCI Mgmt. Bus PCI Baseboard Chassis Satellite Mgmt. Controller IPMB (I2C) NV Store I2C / SMBus Baseboard Mgmt. Controller (BMC) sensors & control circuitry SDR, SEL, FRU I2C/SMBus SENSORs & control circuitry FRU SEEPROM System Interface System Bus IPMI Messages Figure 3.2: IPMI Architecture Source:http://www.intel.com/design/servers/ipmi

  50. 3. Server/workstation motherboards (5) Figure 3.3:Blockdiagram of a serial port based DP-server (Intel’s SE7525GP2) Source: http://www.intel.com/products/server/motherboard

More Related