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Nucleic Acids

Nucleic Acids. Information Storage and Energy Transfer. Nucleic Acid Basics. Made of C,H,O,N,P S PONCH Monomer is a nucleotide Functions - information storage - information transfer - energy transfer. Meet the Monomer-Nucleotide. P = Phosphate Group

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Nucleic Acids

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  1. Nucleic Acids Information Storage and Energy Transfer

  2. Nucleic Acid Basics • Made of C,H,O,N,P SPONCH • Monomer is a nucleotide • Functions - information storage - information transfer - energy transfer

  3. Meet the Monomer-Nucleotide P = Phosphate Group S= 5 Carbon Sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) B= Nitrogen Base

  4. Meet the Polymer • Polymers of nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides joined by condensation reactions • They are held together by covalent bonds between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of another - called phosphodiesterbonds

  5. Meet the Polymers • DNA 2 chains of nucleotides held RNA together by H Bonds

  6. Nucleic Acid Types-DNA • Deoxyribonucleic Acid • made of two strands of nucleotides • Form a double helix • DNA stores hereditary information - recipes for the proteins • found in the cell’s nucleus

  7. Nucleic Acid Types- RNA • Ribonucleic Acid • Single strand of nucleotides • forms a single helix • transfers information from the DNA to the ribosomes - carries a protein recipe to the ribosome -ribosomes are structures in a cell that make protein

  8. DNA- stores protein recipes in the nucleusRNA – transfers them to the ribosome to be built

  9. DNA vs. RNA • Double stranded Single Stranded • Sugar–Deoxyribose Sugar – ribose • Nitrogen Bases Nitrogen Bases Adenine Adenine ThymineUracil Guanine Guanine Cytosine Cytosine

  10. Base Pairing

  11. Nucleic Acid Types - ATP • Adenosine Tri-Phosphate • ATP is a single nucleotide • high energy molecule • produced by cellular respiration • transfers energy within cells

  12. DNA/RNA vs. ATP DNA or RNA ATP

  13. Nucleic Acid Types-ADP • Adenosine Di-Phosphate • Single nucleotide • “rechargeable” energy transfer molecule • Lower energy than ATP • Cellular respiration converts ADP into ATP

  14. Gene Expression • DNA contains the original message • mRNA copies the message with “opposite” image = transcription • tRNA brings amino acids to mRNA in ribosome = translation • Codon-anticodon relationship

  15. Codon-anticodon relationship

  16. Flashcards for Fun and Profit • Elements found in Nucleic Acids • Functions of Nucleic Acids • Parts of a nucleotide • Phosphodiester bonds • Structure and function of DNA • Role of H bonds in DNA • Structure and function of RNA • Structure and function of ATP • Structure and function of ADP

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