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PRT 2008

PRT 2008. Lecture 5. Use of new clone/variety and chemical. High yielding clones. To increase yield we need new breed and quality seedlings These breeds are obtained from research (biotechnology),

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PRT 2008

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  1. PRT 2008 Lecture 5

  2. Use of new clone/variety and chemical

  3. High yielding clones • To increase yield we need new breed and quality seedlings • These breeds are obtained from research (biotechnology), • Examples: paddy (MR 219, MR 220), rice (MRQ 50, MRQ 74), oil palm, rubber, maize, fruits and vegetables • New varieties are capable of producing high yield, prevent diseases and use less fertilizers and pesticides • Tissue culture technique – does not require seedlings. Can use leaf, stem or root as source, e.g. orchid, herb (tongkat Ali, pegaga, etc. • Genetic engineering – produce plant that can withstand disease attack, e.g. papaya can prevent virus attack (papaya spot virus). Tomato – DNA of cultured tomato mixed with the wild one. Tapioca (bigger and more sugar) – use of E. coli.

  4. Use of chemicals • The government advocates quality product and environment-friendly agriculture production • GAP – good agricultural practice • GMP – good manufacturing practice • GFM – good farm practice • Use chemical according to accepted procedures and practice • Use effective micro-organisms to enhance growth • Biological control – ants in cocoa. Trichoderma prevent the attack of Fusarium. Owl (burung pungguk) control mice in paddy field. • Sustainable agriculture – use correct amount of fertilizers, organic matter and natural resources

  5. Precision agriculture Site-specific nutrient management

  6. Mechanization • Use of modern machinery to reduce production cost and better product quality, e.g. for land preparation, fertilizer application, pesticide, harvesting • Hydroponics • Aquaculture • Dairy • Post-harvest • Equipment to process food

  7. Food biotechnology • Improvement of products to satisfy the requirement of consumers • Lipase, an enzyme produced from palm oil mill effluent is frequently used in biotechnology • Extraction of antioxidant from plants for cosmetic as well as health food • Health drink

  8. Export • Increase in export to overseas market, e.g. durian, papaya, flowers ornamental plants. Fruit export in 2002 was RM 298 m. Flower – RM 100 m. • Our target is for a surplus of RM 904 million by 2010.

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