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Spread and Impact of World Religions

Spread and Impact of World Religions. Religions. I see dead people. In your dreams? (shakes head no) While you're awake? (shakes head yes) Dead people like, in graves? In coffins? (shakes head no)

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Spread and Impact of World Religions

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  1. Spread and Impact of World Religions

  2. Religions I see dead people. In your dreams? (shakes head no) While you're awake? (shakes head yes) Dead people like, in graves? In coffins? (shakes head no) Walking around like regular people. They don't see each other. They only see what they want to see. They don't know they're dead. How often do you see them? All the time.

  3. Religions • Movie-The Sixth Sense

  4. Religions • Impact of Religion • Most religions have impacted the world • At some point religions come into conflict with each other

  5. Polytheism • Impact • The center of art and architecture • Works dedicated to gods or to appease gods • Lead to rituals • The rise of priestly classes who controlled communications between gods and the people • Because each group had different gods then it became a competition to see which city-state had the stronger gods. (Lead to warfare)

  6. Doric Temple 426 B.C.E

  7. Statue of Memi and Sabu, Old Kingdom, Dynasty 4, ca. 2575–2465 B.C

  8. Minoan Snake Goddess

  9. The Acropolis of Athens

  10. Ritual Wine Container (Fang I), Shang dynasty, 15th-13th century BCE

  11. Confucianism • Impact • Ethical, social and political belief system not a religion so it became compatible with other religions. • Flexible in that all could follow • Accepted by leaders and created an orderly society • Did not impact the rest of the world because it did not spread out of China

  12. Confucianism

  13. Confucianism

  14. Daoism • Daoism • Promoted small self-sufficient communities • Nature and harmony • Promoted scientific discoveries-many Daoist became astronomers, chemist and botanist • Daoism was able to co-exist with Confucianism, Buddhism, and Legalism. • While Confucianism guided them in their relationships Daoism guided them in their private mediations.

  15. Daoist Temple, Philippines

  16. Mirror with Animals of the Four Directions and the Zodiac Sui dynasty, c. 600

  17. Daoism • Traditionally attributed to Wu Daozi (active 8th century)Taoist Official of Earth • Southern Song dynasty, first half of 12th century • Hanging scroll; ink, colors, and gold on silk

  18. The Dipper Mother-Qing dynasty, 18th century Dehua porcelain

  19. Hinduism • Hinduism • Both a religion and a social system (Caste) • No social mobility in ones lifetime • Hindus accept their fate quietly if not then you are not following dharma • The caste system is not accepted in other parts of the world • Remains strong in India-hopes of reincarnation • Hinduism lead to Buddhism

  20. Hinduism • Four Handed Lord Vishnu • Depiction of Vishnu as the Lord of Guruvayur

  21. Hinduism • Surya the Sun GodA sculpture from Karnataka

  22. Hinduism • Shiva the Magnificent • Sculpture at the Kailash Temple, Ellora

  23. Hinduism • Galaganatha Temple, Pattadakal • Built during the time of Chalukya king Vikramaditya II (750 A.D) • The temple features a tower in Rekhanagar style of North India.

  24. Buddhism • Buddhism • Sprung from Hinduism • Does not recognize the Caste system • Has no social structure so can be adapted to any society • Spread rapidly throughout Asia by trade routes • Follow the Eightfold Path and one could achieve nirvana and end the cycle of reincarnation

  25. Buddhism • Statue of Lord BuddhaSanchi Museum Collection

  26. Buddhism • The Buddhist temple Wat Chiang Man, in Chiang Mai, Thailand, which dates from the late 13th century

  27. Buddhism • The Temple of the Golden Pavilion • Japan

  28. Buddhism • The Jokhang, also called the Jokhang Temple or the Jokhang Monastery, is a famous Buddhist temple in Lhasa, Tibet.

  29. Judaism • Judaism • First major monotheistic religions • Father to Christianity and Islam • System of laws and social practices • Judaism is a relationship with God • Religion and social customs • Does not seek converts • Believes that the Jews are the “Chosen People of God”

  30. Judaism • God created the Earth

  31. Judaism • Moses with the 10 Commandments

  32. Judaism • The Wailing Wall, this wall is a symbol of Judaism, the symbol of a people and a nation. • The massive stretch of wall is a large segment of the sustaining wall of the western side of the Temple Esplanade. • Among the numerous customs observed by the faithful who pray below the great, thousand-year-old, stone blocks is that of leaving in the cracks between the stones little pieces of paper with vows and prayers written on them.

  33. Judaism • A copy of the second temple in Jerusalem

  34. Christianity • Christianity • The promise of eternal life for all-All are equal before God • Emphasized compassion and grace through faith • Appealed to the lower classes, poor, women • Spread all along the Mediterranean by the third century • Persecutions make the religion stronger • Once accepted by the Roman Empire it spread to all parts of the Empire.

  35. Christianity • Hagia Sophia, by Isidoros and Anthemios, at Istanbul, Turkey, • 532 to 537 C.E.

  36. Christianity • St. Germain-des-Pres • The oldest church in Paris

  37. Christianity • St. Germain-des-Pres

  38. Christianity • Westminster Abby • London • About 1250 C.E. • Gothic

  39. Christianity • Temple Church • London • The Church was built by the Knights Templar, the order of crusading monks founded to protect pilgrims on their way to and from Jerusalem in the 12th century. • The Church is in two parts: the Round and the Chancel.

  40. Islam • Islam • Youngest major religion • Shares a common history with Judaism and Christianity • Believes that all people are equal before God • Believes that all people should be converted to Islam • Salvation is obtained through submission • Islamic beliefs carry over into social, political and economic life

  41. Islamic Art • ArtistNigari, Turkey, Istanbul, aka Haydar Reis  (Artist) • TitlePortrait of a Turkish Pasha with AttendantsDatecirca • 1570 • Ink, opaque watercolor, and gold on paper

  42. Islamic Art • Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem • The Dome of the Rock was built between 687 and 692 AD by the Umayyad caliph ‘Abd al-Malik on top of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, a site sacred to Jews

  43. Islamic Art • Sahn, Great Mosque • Central courtyard of the Great Mosque of the Umayyads in Damascus.

  44. Islamic Art • Azhar Madrasah interior • For centuries Azhar professors taught their classes while seated before these columns and those in the central courtyard, their students sitting in circles around them on the floor. • Note the low bookshelves and absense of chairs. • Sitting on the floor reminded one of the necessity of humility before God (i. e., all the time).

  45. Conclusion • As major civilizations developed so to did the complexity of their religions. • Religions begin to transform from a way of understanding nature and the unknown to being concerned with internal peace and salvation. • Once humans began to understand the forces of nature through technology they shifted from need of bodily protection to internal protection. • Religions satisfied this need.

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