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World Religions

World Religions. Timeline of religions. 2000BCE: Hinduism 1350BCE: Judaism 628-527BCE: Zoroastrianism 580-500BCE: Daoism 563-483 BCE: Buddhism 551-479BCE: Confucianism 481-403BCE: Legalism 1-33CE: Christianity 100CE: Shinto. Buddhism Diffusion to China.

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World Religions

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  1. World Religions

  2. Timeline of religions • 2000BCE: Hinduism • 1350BCE: Judaism • 628-527BCE: Zoroastrianism • 580-500BCE: Daoism • 563-483 BCE: Buddhism • 551-479BCE: Confucianism • 481-403BCE: Legalism • 1-33CE: Christianity • 100CE: Shinto

  3. Buddhism Diffusion to China • Southern China began to adopt Buddhism • Many monasteries set up along the Silk Road and in caves. • Buddhist arts flourished, especially in the caves at Dun-huang, Yun-gang and Long-men. • 1,000 caves at Dun-huang = Buddhist paintings & there were thousands of Buddha statues.

  4. Caves at Dun-huang

  5. Monasteries China Japan

  6. Monasteries

  7. Borobudur - Indonesia

  8. Monasteries Mongolia Japan

  9. Tibetan Buddhism • Developed in Tibet in 7th century CE • Mix of Theravada & Mahayana • Dalai Lama • Manifestations of Bodisattva • 14th incarnation of Buddha • Lives in exile in India due to China annexation

  10. Christianity

  11. Basic Beliefs—Messiah • Jesus of Nazareth = Son of God • Messiah ‘anointed one’ • Jesus Christ = savior of mankind • Suffered died  resurrected • Brings salvation from sin for all

  12. Christianity Foundation • Jesus was Jewish and taught a reinterpretation of classic Jewish scripture • Founded after death of Jesus by followers (Paul) • Moved further away from classic Jewish scripture to create a new religion

  13. Appeal of Christianity • Social Opportunities • Orthodox Jews found more relaxing approach • Women liked the emphasis on equality • “You are all one in Christ Jesus” • Women were still subservient to men in many ways however • Slaves like the emphasis on equality • 1/3 (33.33333333333333333333333333333333333333%) in Greece • 40% (2/5) in Rome were slaves • Taken by conquest & regarded as barbarians

  14. Christianity & Rome • Looking to keep the peace and avoid political upheaval • Previously used ‘Diasporas’ to ‘spread out’ groups found unfavorable • Jewish population • Makes groups easier to control • Creates a disjointed and fragmented empire

  15. Constantine, 312-337 • 1st Christian Emperor? • Fought Maxentius and won! • Legalized Christianity in 313 • Political or religious reasons?

  16. Roman Influences on Christianity • Evidence indicates Constantine merged the two • December 25th = Sol Invictus (Sun God) = Day of birth • Roman festivals: Dies Natalis Solis Invicti “the birthday of the unconquered sun” • Sunday (Sabbath): Roman day for Sol Invictus • Winter solstice or bruma: Sun is ‘unconquered’ despite shortened days

  17. First Council of Nicaea • 325 by Constantine • 1st doctrinal conference of bishops of Christian Church • Significance? • Political and religious power begin to merge

  18. Results of Nicaea • 300 Bishops attend • Trinity and divinity of Jesus was voted on • Separated Easter from Passover • Created Nicene Creed • 1st merger between Christian Church and Roman Empire

  19. Quick! • Draw a Venn Diagram! • Identify the similarities and differences between Buddhism and Hinduism!

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