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After strategic maneuvers and battles, Sam Houston led the Texans to victory at San Jacinto, securing Texas' independence from Mexico. The Texans faced hardships, including harsh conditions during Runaway Scrape, but their perseverance paid off. The decisive Battle of San Jacinto saw the Texan forces triumph, capturing Santa Anna and forcing Mexican withdrawal from Texas. Treaties of Velasco were signed, solidifying Texas' independence and setting boundaries. This pivotal moment marked the culmination of Texas's fight for freedom.
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Chapter 11Independence Won Take Notes in your Composition Book
Before San Jacinto: • Santa Anna splits forces • Burns towns • Goes after Texas Government • Sam Houston retreats east • Trains at Burnham’s Crossing waiting to cross Colorado River • Forces grew to over 1400 • Learned of Fannin’s army’s fate • Retreated to Brazos • Trained at Groce’s Plantation for 2 weeks
Runaway Scrape • Settlers between Colorado and Brazos Rivers panic. • Headed to Sabine River carrying all they had. • Heavy rains, mud, lack of food, sickness. • Some didn’t survive.
Sam Houston criticized • President Burnet demanded he fight! • Santa Anna learned Texas Government was in Harrisburg. • Government left, moved on to Galveston • Santa Anna burned Harrisburg. • Sam Houston’s army arrived.
Results: • Texans lost fewer than 10 men • Mexicans lost 630 and took 730 prisoner including Santa Anna found hiding • Mexican High Commander captured and forced to surrender all Mexican forces in Texas. • Texas Navy brought supplies to Texas army and kept Mexicans remaining in Texas from getting supplies, forcing them to leave.
Treaties of Velasco • Santa Anna signed at Velasco • One was Public, One Private • Public- • Mexicans would not fight Texas again • Their troops ordered out of Texas • Prisoners exchanged • Mexicans to return property taken to Texans • Privately- • Santa Anna agreed to work for Mexican recognition of Texas independence and to set boundary at Rio Grande. • Santa Anna then released back to Mexico.