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Electricity from the Sun

Electricity from the Sun. A Brief Introduction to Photovoltaic Energy Systems. Generating Electricity from the Sun. Advantages Portable Environmentally Friendly Silent Free and Abundant Energy Source. Example Applications. Water Pumping (both livestock and residential) Dugout Aeration

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Electricity from the Sun

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  1. Electricity from the Sun A Brief Introduction to Photovoltaic Energy Systems Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  2. Generating Electricity from the Sun • Advantages • Portable • Environmentally Friendly • Silent • Free and Abundant Energy Source Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  3. Example Applications • Water Pumping (both livestock and residential) • Dugout Aeration • Sign Lighting (warning flashers, billboards) • Urban Gardens (fountains, waterfalls, accent lights) • RVs and Houseboats • Cabins and Cottages • Remote Homes • Campgrounds Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  4. How Do Solar Electricity Systems Work? • Use a Water Pipe Analogy • Volts = Pressure • Amps = flow • Battery = Pump • How Much Electricity • Watt = Volt * Amp = flow at pressure • Watt·hour = energy for a time • Amp·hour = current for a time Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  5. How a Photovoltaic Cell Works Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  6. How Much Energy from my Photovoltaic System? • SaskPower sells kW·h = 1000 Watts * 1 hour • This means: • A 1000 W hair dryer for 1 hour • A 100 W light bulb for 10 hours • A 10 W night light for 100 hours • A mid-sized solar panel delivers 50 W in bright sunlight • 6 hours of sun produces 300 W·h • Can also be looked at as 25 A·h at 12 V • A mid-sized battery stores 250 A·h • Solar panel can fill this battery with 60 hours of sunshine • 100 W light bulb can empty it in 30 hours • It takes 120 hours for a 25 W compact fluorescent to drain this battery Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  7. Insolation Map Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  8. Components of a Photovoltaic System • PV modules • Batteries • Charge controller • Inverter • Protection Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  9. Why install an RV kit? What size of system do I need? Why include an inverter? Marine systems are similar RV Systems Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  10. RV/Marine Systems – Battery Maintenance A Battery Maintenance System • Consists of a small panel, wire, blocking diode, and mounting hardware • Prevents charge loss in an idle battery • Prolongs battery life significantly Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  11. Weekend use systems provide power for: Lights, radio, fan TV/VCR Battery maintenance System Components: Solar panel Charge controller with meter Mounting hardware and cables Optional inverter to provide AC power RV/Marine Systems – Weekend and Part Time Use Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  12. Full time systems provide power for: Kitchen appliances (small microwave, coffee maker) TV/VCR, radio, hair dryer, laptop computer Pumps, furnace fan, battery maintenance Lights System Components: 1 or more large solar panels Charge controller with meter Mounting hardware and cables Inverter to provide AC power Charger to replenish batteries when ashore RV/Marine Systems – Full Time Systems Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  13. Urban Garden Accents • Solar Direct Fountains • Golf Course Fountains • Standalone Accent Lights • Area Lighting Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  14. Cabin and Remote Home Systems • Under what circumstances does it make economic sense to use PV? • What a complete home system looks like • What size system do I need? • Grid intertie? Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  15. Cabin and Remote Homes – Small System For summer weekend use • System consists of: • 2 solar panels • 2 batteries (6V marine or golf cart batteries) • Charge controller Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  16. Cabin and Remote Homes – Small System • System powers: • A few compact fluorescent lights • Small pump • Coffee maker • Portable CD player • These devices operate from DC power. Those designed for use in RVs and boats would work in this system. Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  17. Cabin and Remote Homes – Larger System For year round use as a full time residence • System consists of: • 12 solar panels • Wind generator • 4 batteries (6V heavy duty deep discharge) • Integrated Power Panel • Backup generator Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  18. System powers: Compact fluorescent lights Pumps for pressure and septic systems Small kitchen appliances (microwave, toaster, coffee maker, etc.) TV/VCR Computer Front load washing machine Efficient refrigerator Circulating pump for in-floor heating system Cabin and Remote Homes – Larger System Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  19. Cabin and Remote Homes – Other Considerations • Build efficiently • Reduce heat and electrical loads first • Then add renewable energy supplies • Top up with conventional systems, if necessary • Use wood for heat • Use solar thermal for heat • Choose efficient appliances, especially refrigeration • Consider wind generation Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  20. Narrows Project • The Narrows Campground in PA National Park is located 20km from the nearest power line • Perfect location for clean, quiet Solar Energy • Essential services such as light, water and power are taken for granted • Sixty-four 64 Watt Uni-Solar Shatterproof Panels provide 4 kW of power to the Narrows Campground • Uni-Solar shatterproof panels were chosen to reduce the possibility of damage from vandalism Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  21. Narrows Project Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  22. Narrows Project • Pumps deliver well water to a purification system, storage tank, and pressure system for the park water supply • Dusk to dawn lighting is provided at each washroom building, skylights reduce daytime lighting requirements • Motion controlled state of the art T8 fluorescent lighting with 3M specular reflectors provide efficient lighting for the washrooms and filleting shack at night • The original Coke machine was replaced with one that uses one fifth as much energy Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

  23. Where Do I Get Help Designing My Solar Energy System? Kelln Solar is a Saskatchewan based manufacturer/distributor of solar water pumps, fencers, RV systems, cottage and residential systems, and photovoltaic panels. We are Canada’s largest distributor of the UNI-SOLAR photovoltaic product line. We have a design guide available, and are currently customizing it for Canadian applications. Find us on the web at www.kellnsolar.com See our booth downstairs. Natural Resources Canada has some good publications on solar energy systems. They are located at www.nrcan.gc.ca. Saskatoon Wildlife Sports and Leisure Show, March 6-9, 2003

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