Chapter two unit three Moscow Downgrades …

1. Chapter twounit three Moscow Downgrades… Key points: I. analyze sentence structure II. Understand references

2. Analyze sentence structure 1 • When your children are grown up they want to live their own lives, and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were young, you are likely to become a burden to them, unless they are unusually callous. • When your children are grown up they want to live their own lives, and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were young, you are likely to become a burden to them, unless they are unusually callous. • Logic within a sentence (first step in structure analysis)

3. Analyze sentence structure 2 • Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. • Young menwho have reason to fear that they will be killed in battlemay justifiably feel bitterin the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. • Structure of the sentence (core)

4. Analyze sentence structure 3 • It does not do to live in memories, in regrets for the good old days, or in sadness about friends who are dead. • …a successful old age is easiest for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities. • It does not doto live in memories, in regrets for the good old days, or in sadness about friends who are dead.

5. Analyze sentence structure 4 • …a successful old ageis easiest for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities. • The order of parts in a sentence • Try to analyze the following sentences • P31, paragraph 2, • P31, the 3nd sentence in paragraph 5 • P32, the 1st sentence in paragraph 12 • Practice: P67-68

6. Practice 1 • Analyze the sentence structure • Translators will always use bilingual dictionaries alongside other reference material, and therefore need to be aware of the limitations as well as the strengths of the bilingual dictionaries; they must know their way around them and how to use them efficiently, and need to keep them up to date.

7. Practice 2 • Translators will always use bilingual dictionaries alongside other reference material, and therefore need to be aware ofthe limitations as well asthe strengths of the bilingual dictionaries;theymust know their way around them andhow to use them efficiently, andneed to keep them up to date.

8. Practice 3 • I believe, however, that in the training translators receive, learning to “release words from the unconscious memory hold’ plays a crucial part; as linguists, we have a capital of words, collocations and phrases that is often much larger and richer than we give ourselves credit for, and bilingual dictionaries need to be approached as tools in helping us to exploit this resource rather than as replacements for it.

9. Practice 4 • I believe, however, thatin the training translators receive, learning to “release words from the unconscious memory hold’plays a crucial part;as linguists, we have a capital of words, collocations and phrases that is often much largerand richerthanwe give ourselves credit for, and bilingual dictionaries need to be approached as tools in helping us to exploit this resource rather thanas replacements for it.

10. Practice 5 • There could also be instances when the bilingual dictionary may not be the translator’s best friend and “intelligent guessing” may be a complementary or even an alternative, and better, strategy – not, clearly, where the bilingual dictionary has a good range of renderings but certainly where, for whatever reason, the equivalents on offer to the bilingual dictionary user are inadequate.

11. Practice 6 • There could also be instanceswhen the bilingual dictionary maynot be the translator’s best friendand“intelligent guessing”may be a complementaryor even an alternative, andbetter, strategy–- not, clearly, where the bilingual dictionary has a good range of renderings but certainly where, for whatever reason, the equivalents on offer to the bilingual dictionary user are inadequate.

12. Discussion 1 • Analyze the following sentences • Susan Yee and her sister Jane were shopping in Los Angeles in 1993, when offered a free cosmetic makeover at a department store. • Susan Yee and her sister Jane were shopping in Los Angeles in 1993, when offered a free cosmetic makeover at a department store. • 1993年，当苏珊和妹妹简在商店里接受免费的化妆时，她们正在洛杉机购物. • 1993年的一天, 正在 洛杉矶一家商场购物的Susan和妹妹Jane得到了一次免费试用化妆品的服务。 • 1993年，叶和妹妹简正在洛杉矶的一家百货大楼购物，这时商店给她们提供了一次免费化妆服务。

13. Discussion 2 • Long frustrated by the dearth of makeup in the U.S. for Asian complexions, Susan decided to fill the void. • Long frustrated by the dearth of makeup in the U.S. for Asian complexions, Susan decided to fill the void. • 在美国缺乏适合亚洲人肤色的化妆品，这个问题长期困扰着苏珊，她决定去填补这种空缺。 • 由于长期缺乏适用于黄种人的化妆品而倍感沮丧，苏珊决定填补这个空缺. • 她为没有在美国找到适合的化妆品而感到沮丧，于是苏珊便决定自己来填补这个空缺。

14. Discussion 3 • So with $100,000 in pooled savings from her parents and five sisters, and some advice from a local chemist, Yee launched Zhen (“genuine” in Mandarin) the first American makeup line specifically for Asian women. • So with $100,000 in pooled savings from her parents and five sisters, and some advice from a local chemist, Yee launched Zhen (“genuine” in Mandarin) the first American makeup line specifically for Asian women. • 在……指导下，用……美元，苏珊…… • 带着……钱和……建议，苏珊…… • 带着……钱，听取……建议，苏珊…… • 生产线（系列产品）

15. Discussion 4 • Available at 33 JCPenney stores in the U.S. and on the Internet(.com), Zhen products generated an estimated $8 million in sales last year. • 可买到，有销售 • 估计/预计 (last year)

16. Discussion 5 • To fans like Betty Inouye, a Colorado artisan of Japanese descent, the products are a godsend. • 忠实的顾客们比如住在科罗拉多州的日本手艺人井上贝蒂说这种产品是上天赐给我们的礼物。 • 着迷于“Zhen”的人大有人在，就像科罗拉多州的工匠井上贝蒂，X是一个有着日本人的血统女性。她认为这种产品就像是一种天赐之物。 • 对于那些像科罗拉多州日裔艺人井上贝蒂的“真”化妆品迷而言，“真”系列化妆品简直就是上帝的恩赐. • 井上贝蒂是科罗拉多州日裔手艺人。对于像她这样的“真”品迷而言，该系列化妆品简直就是上帝的恩赐.

17. Homework • Compare the text in unit three and its translation • Translate the rest of passage 1 • Read the explanation on P36-47