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Isotope Analysis in Biocarbonates: Insights into Vital Effects in Echinoderms and Bivalves

This study provides detailed insights into the vital effects associated with echinoderm and bivalve calcification through isotope analysis in biocarbonates. The research explores δ26Mg in biocarbonates, introduces various tools and methodologies, and discusses the crucial factors influencing vital effects. By examining samples from echinoderms and bivalves, the study sheds light on the metabolic, age, salinity, and systemic factors affecting calcification processes. The findings offer a promising new tool for investigating biocalcification processes and understanding the complexities of marine ecosystems. Thank you for your attention.

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Isotope Analysis in Biocarbonates: Insights into Vital Effects in Echinoderms and Bivalves

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  1. Mg isotopes in biocarbonates New insights into vital effects associated to echinoderm and bivalve calcification F. Planchon, J. Hermans, C. Borremans, Ph. Dubois, C. Poulain, Y.-M. Paulet and L. André

  2. δ26Mg in Biocarbonates: Introduction CaCarbonate CaFluid MgCarbonate MgFluid + + Mg/Ca tool KdMg/Ca ≈ DMg = f(T)

  3. δ26Mg in Biocarbonates: Introduction CaCarbonate CaFluid MgCarbonate MgFluid + + Mg/Ca tool KdMg/Ca ≈ DMg = f(T) BioCaCO3 T Proxy Metabolism Age Salinity, etc. Vital Effects From Gaetani (2006), Lear (2002), Elderfield and Ganssen (2000), Mashiota (1999)

  4. δ26Mg in Biocarbonates: Introduction CaCarbonate CaFluid MgCarbonate MgFluid + + Mg/Ca tool ΔCarbonate-Fluid δ26MgBiocarbonate BioCaCO3 ΔInorg-org δ26MgFluid δ26MgCarbonate 26Mg 25Mg 24Mg δ26Mg δ25Mg T Proxy Metabolism Age Salinity, etc. Galy (2001) Vital Effects

  5. δ26Mg in Biocarbonates: Methodology • Sample Purification • Cationic exhange chromatography (Chang, 2003) • Full Mg recovery • Clean techniques

  6. δ26Mg in Biocarbonates: Methodology • Sample Purification • Cationic exhange chromatography (Chang, 2003) • Full Mg recovery • Clean techniques • Analysis • MC-ICP-MS (Nu instrument) • Desolvation (Aridus II) • High sensitivity • 50-100 ng/g • Standard bracketing • Relative to DSM3

  7. δ26Mg in Biocarbonates : Overview Mass-dependent fractionation line Chang (2003, 2004), Wombacher (2006) and Tipper (2006)

  8. δ26Mg in Biocarbonates: Samples • Echinoderms • Starfish • Sea Urchin • Morphology • Culture Exp (T, S) • Bivalves • Clams (Ruditapes Ph.) • Salinity Gradient (2 sites) • Auray River • Shell • Internal fluids • Soft tissus

  9. Echinoderms Sea urchin and starfish

  10. δ26Mg in Biocarbonates : Echinoderms (Starfish and Seaurchin) Coccoliths Inorganic Calcite (theo) Δwater-mineral26Mg: -2.7±0.2‰ Biological effects 0.5 < ΔInorg-org26Mg< 1.5 ‰ Planktonic Forams Galy (2002) Chang (2003, 2004), Wombacher (2006) and Tipper (2006)

  11. δ26Mg in Biocarbonates : Seaurchin Endoskeleton characteristics • Morphological variability • Interambulacral plates record

  12. δ26Mg in Biocarbonates : Seaurchin • Culture experiment (T & S control) • δ26 : f(T) • δ26 : f([Mg]) • Proxy implication • Low metabolism impact

  13. δ26Mg in Biocarbonates : Seaurchin Calcification • Intra-cellular Calcification δ26Mgseawater -0.8 ‰ δ26MgBiocarbonate -2.2 to -2.7 ‰ ACC Metabolism δ26Mgintracell • Equilibrium-like fractionation • Biological mediation • Cell membrane transport • Amorphous phase regulation

  14. δ26Mg in Biocarbonates : Starfish • Low interspecies variability • Moderate biological control

  15. Bivalves Aragonitic Clams (Ruditapes philippinarum)

  16. δ26Mg in Biocarbonates : Bivalves (Clams, Ruditapesphilippinarum) Le Bono Locquemariaquer Poulain (2006)

  17. δ26Mg in Biocarbonates : Bivalves (Clams, Ruditapesphilippinarum)

  18. Conclusions : δ26 Mg– δ25Mg in biocarbonates • New tool to explore biocalcification processes • Identification of mass-dependent fractionation • Potential reservoirs involved • Paleoceanographic Proxy • Direct relationship with T and S • Constrain biocalcification model • Theoretical approach is needed • System evolution (closed-open) • Equilibrium – disequilibrium • Complex mixing model (metabolism, energy consumption, etc.)

  19. Thanks for your attention

  20. δ26Mg in Biocarbonates : Bivalves (Clams, Ruditapesphilippinarum) Adapted from Carré (2006)

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