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Understanding Alcohol: Reasons for Drinking and Its Effects on Health

This chapter explores various reasons why people consume alcohol, from social interactions to potential addiction. It discusses the importance of moderation, defining standard drink measurements, and the impact of alcohol on the body. The effects of excessive drinking, including unpredictable behavior, hangovers, and long-term health risks such as liver disease and brain damage, are also covered. Recovery from alcoholism is addressed, highlighting the challenges faced and the support available, including Alcoholics Anonymous.

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Understanding Alcohol: Reasons for Drinking and Its Effects on Health

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  1. Chapter 13 Alcohol

  2. Section 1: Why People drink • Reasons? • Drinking in Moderation – causes no harm (1-2 drinks a day) • Drink – ½ oz of pure ethanol • 1 oz of hard liquor • 10 oz of wine cooler • 12 oz of beer • 3-4 oz of wine • Proof - % of alcohol in a beverage • 100 proof is 50% alcohol

  3. Section 1: Why People drink • Drinking behaviors • Moderate – not harming health • Social – could be moderate or problem drinker • Binge – 4+ drinks in a short period

  4. Section 1: Why People drink

  5. Section 1: Why People drink • Problem Drinker – (Abuser) suffers social, emotional, family, job, or other problems • Addict – disease of alcoholism (out of control) • P346 figure 13-2 • Skills for moderation (p346, 348 inventory)

  6. Section 2: Effects • Alcohol is easily moved throughout the body, so it affects all parts – from stomach/intestines to bloodstream • Moderate drinker • Liver – processes alcohol into harmless wastes, but can only handle 1 drink per hour. When drink more, you overload. • Depresses brain’s fine tuning behavior (talk or laugh louder) • Not a stimulant…appears to be because one is socially stimulated • Skin feels warmer • Lose awareness (from cerebral cortex) • Speech and vision affected • Emotions easily shown

  7. Section 2: Effects • Excessive Drinker • Unpredictable behaviors (fights, sexual intercourse) • Judgment gone • Muscle control • Respiration and heartbeat affected

  8. Intoxication – state of being poisoned (alcohol is a toxin)

  9. Section 2: Effects • Hangover • Withdrawal signs • Headache, sensation in mouth, nausea • More serious would be tremors, delerium (confusion) • Congeners – ingredients in alcoholic beverages that irritate the nervous system • Dehydration – alcohol forces body to lose water • Formaldehyde – forms when body breaks down alcohol (also used in preserving dead animals

  10. Section 2: Effects • Long Term Effects • Liver disease, high blood pressure, lower defenses against infection • Fat produced from alcohol can collect in other places • Brain damage – vision, memory, learning ability • Diabetes (pancreas can stop producing insulin) • Fetal Alcohol Syndrome – mental and or physical retardation and birth defects in newborns • p354

  11. Section 3: Accidents and Alcohol • DWI • DUI – 0.08, 0.02 (for whom?) • Breathalyzer • Sober – free of alcohol’s effects (can be up to 24 hours

  12. Section 3: Accidents and Alcohol • Dealing with an intoxicated person • Don’t respond to emotions from alcohol • Do show concern • Do not trust their judgment (why?) • Take keys

  13. Section 4: Recovery • Costs of Alcoholism • Friendships, job, marriage, life, other’s life • If you start before the age of 15, you are 4x more likely to be dependent age of 21

  14. Section 4: Recovery • Why is recovery difficult? • It is an addiction • Enabling/codependent • Length of time (ever “cured”?) • Denial, bargaining, anger, guilt, acceptance • Support system • AA, Al-Anon

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