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Enhancing Thunderstorm Detection using TDWR Technology

Learn how TDWR technology improves detection of small-scale thunderstorm events, covering the ILN TDWR network overview, cases caught by TDWR but not 88D, and factors like height above ground and viewing angles. Presented by Seth Binau and Dan Hawblitzel of NOAA/NWS Wilmington OH on June 23, 2010.

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Enhancing Thunderstorm Detection using TDWR Technology

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  1. TDWR Detection of Small-Scale Thunderstorm Events

    Seth Binau Dan Hawblitzel NOAA/NWS Wilmington OH June 23 2010
  2. Outline Overview of ILN TDWR network Severe cases caught by TDWR, but not 88D Height above ground level Viewing angle Temporal resolution Hints of severe weather occurring on 88D data
  3. TDWR Overview – Locations WDTB TDWR Training – Part One
  4. TDWR Locations – WFO ILN A nearly ideal setup 3 TDWRs TCVG (Cincinnati) TDAY (Dayton) TCMH (Columbus) Cover nearly all of the ILN forecast area with VCP80 data One volume scan/minute Redundancy if 88-D fails
  5. TDWR Locations – WFO ILN 90% of CWA covered by at least one TDWR 49 of 52 counties 20% of CWA covered by two TDWRs 65% of CWA closer to TDWR than 88D
  6. Examples To Follow Ripley IN Tornado Darke County Straight-Line Winds Mason KY Downburst Falmouth KY Downburst
  7. Ripley (IN) Tornado – Mar 8 2009 Courtesy: Charles Woodrum (PBZ)
  8. Ripley (IN) Tornado – Mar 8 2009 TCVG 0.1 Reflectivity Loop TCVG 0.1 SRM Loop KILN 0.5 Reflectivity Loop KILN 0.5 SRM Loop Courtesy: Charles Woodrum (PBZ)
  9. Ripley (IN) Tornado – Mar 8 2009 Courtesy: Charles Woodrum (PBZ)
  10. Ripley (IN) Tornado – Mar 8 2009 Evident on TDWR: Tight spin-up as convergence acts on kink in storm-scale boundary Evident on 88D: Boundary, convergence
  11. Darke County (OH) – May 7 2010
  12. Darke County (OH) – May 7 2010 ~350ft AGL ~3000ft AGL TDAY 0.3 Reflectivity – 0045Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 0047Z TDAY 0.3 Velocity – 0045Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 0047Z
  13. Darke County (OH) – May 7 2010 ~350ft AGL ~3000ft AGL TDAY 0.3 Reflectivity – 0047Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 0047Z TDAY 0.3 Velocity – 0047Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 0047Z
  14. Darke County (OH) – May 7 2010 ~350ft AGL ~3000ft AGL TDAY 0.3 Reflectivity – 0049Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 0051Z TDAY 0.3 Velocity – 0049Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 0051Z
  15. Darke County (OH) – May 7 2010 ~350ft AGL ~3000ft AGL TDAY 0.3 Reflectivity – 0051Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 0051Z TDAY 0.3 Velocity – 0051Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 0051Z
  16. Darke County (OH) – May 7 2010 ~350ft AGL ~3000ft AGL TDAY 0.3 Reflectivity – 0056Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 0056Z TDAY 0.3 Velocity – 0056Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 0056Z
  17. Darke County (OH) – May 7 2010 ~350ft AGL ~3000ft AGL TDAY 0.3 Reflectivity – 0100Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 0100Z TDAY 0.3 Velocity – 0100Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 0100Z
  18. Darke County (OH) – May 7 2010 ~350ft AGL ~3000ft AGL TDAY 0.3 Reflectivity – 0104Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 0104Z TDAY 0.3 Velocity – 0104Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 0104Z
  19. Darke County (OH) Straight-Line Winds May 7 2010 Evident on TDWR: Intensifying RIJ; near-ground divergence; ground-relative velocity >70 kt Evident on 88D: deepening/strengthening MARC (weak!)
  20. May 28 2010 – Falmouth KY Downburst Classic Pulse Severe/Downburst Sounding
  21. May 28 2010 – Falmouth KY Downburst ~750ft AGL ~4200ft AGL TCVG 0.1 Reflectivity – 2308Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 2308Z TCVG 0.1 Velocity – 2308Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 2308Z
  22. May 28 2010 – Falmouth KY Downburst ~750ft AGL ~4200ft AGL TCVG 0.1 Reflectivity – 2309Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 2308Z TCVG 0.1 Velocity – 2309Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 2308Z
  23. May 28 2010 – Falmouth KY Downburst ~750ft AGL ~4200ft AGL TCVG 0.1 Reflectivity – 2310Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 2308Z TCVG 0.1 Velocity – 2310Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 2308Z
  24. May 28 2010 – Falmouth KY Downburst ~750ft AGL ~4200ft AGL TCVG 0.1 Reflectivity – 2311Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 2313Z TCVG 0.1 Velocity – 2311Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 2313Z
  25. May 28 2010 – Falmouth KY Downburst ~750ft AGL ~4200ft AGL TCVG 0.1 Reflectivity – 2312Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 2313Z TCVG 0.1 Velocity – 2312Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 2313Z
  26. May 28 2010 – Falmouth KY Downburst ~750ft AGL ~4200ft AGL TCVG 0.1 Reflectivity – 2313Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 2313Z TCVG 0.1 Velocity – 2313Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 2313Z
  27. May 28 2010 – Falmouth KY Downburst ~750ft AGL ~4200ft AGL TCVG 0.1 Reflectivity – 2314Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 2313Z TCVG 0.1 Velocity – 2314Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 2313Z
  28. May 28 2010 – Falmouth KY Downburst ~750ft AGL ~4200ft AGL TCVG 0.1 Reflectivity – 2315Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 2317Z TCVG 0.1 Velocity – 2315Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 2317Z
  29. May 28 2010 – Falmouth KY Downburst Evident on TDWR: Near-ground divergence associated with downburst; 1-min of 40-kt V
  30. May 28 2010 – Falmouth KY Downburst Evident on 88D: Descending core aloft
  31. May 28 2010 – Falmouth KY Downburst Evident on 88D: Descending core aloft
  32. May 28 2010 – Falmouth KY Downburst Evident on 88D: Descending core aloft
  33. May 28 2010 – Falmouth KY Downburst Evident on 88D: Descending core aloft
  34. May 28 2010 – Falmouth KY Downburst Evident on 88D: Descending core aloft
  35. May 28 2010 – Falmouth KY Downburst Evident on 88D: Descending core aloft
  36. Mason County KY Downburst – June 15, 2010 ~800ft AGL ~4100ft AGL TCVG 0.1 Reflectivity – 0033Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 0034Z TCVG 0.1 Velocity – 0033Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 0034Z
  37. Mason County KY Downburst – June 15, 2010 ~800ft AGL ~4100ft AGL TCVG 0.1 Reflectivity – 0034Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 0034Z TCVG 0.1 Velocity – 0034Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 0034Z
  38. Mason County KY Downburst – June 15, 2010 ~800ft AGL ~4100ft AGL TCVG 0.1 Reflectivity – 0035Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 0034Z TCVG 0.1 Velocity – 0035Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 0034Z
  39. Mason County KY Downburst – June 15, 2010 ~800ft AGL ~4100ft AGL TCVG 0.1 Reflectivity – 0036Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 0038Z TCVG 0.1 Velocity – 0036Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 0038Z
  40. Mason County KY Downburst – June 15, 2010 ~800ft AGL ~4100ft AGL TCVG 0.1 Reflectivity – 0037Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 0038Z TCVG 0.1 Velocity – 0037Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 0038Z
  41. Mason County KY Downburst – June 15, 2010 ~800ft AGL ~4100ft AGL TCVG 0.1 Reflectivity – 0038Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 0038Z TCVG 0.1 Velocity – 0038Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 0038Z
  42. Mason County KY Downburst – June 15, 2010 ~800ft AGL ~4100ft AGL TCVG 0.1 Reflectivity – 0039Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 0038Z TCVG 0.1 Velocity – 0039Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 0038Z
  43. Mason County KY Downburst – June 15, 2010 ~800ft AGL ~4100ft AGL TCVG 0.1 Reflectivity – 0040Z KILN 0.5 Reflectivity – 0038Z TCVG 0.1 Velocity – 0040Z KILN 0.5 Velocity – 0038Z
  44. Mason County KY Downburst – June 15, 2010 Evident on TDWR: 60+ kt winds 800 ft AGL 24-kt winds 2400 ft AGLat time of damage 12 min AFTER damage
  45. Mason County KY Downburst – June 15, 2010 Evident on 88D: 25-kt MARC at 9300 ft AGL Almost no MARC at12 min BEFORE damage time of damage
  46. Conclusions Low level scans of TDWR reveal much goes on below lowest 0.5 scan of 88D Tornado “spin ups” May have to rely on conceptual model Upward tilting/stretching acting on storm-scale boundary (landspout mechanism) eg storm merger + “kink” in boundary Warn on conceptual model even if no rotation?
  47. Conclusions Highest winds at base of downburst may be significantly below radar beam Must rely on indicators before core hits the ground MARC Poor viewing angle? Consider trends
  48. Bottom Line: Many small-scale tornado and wind events will go undetected on 88D dataEven IF event is detected (eg TDWR), lead time will be very little if not negativeWhat do we do to anticipate severe winds or non-descending tornadoes?

  49. Thanks!

    Seth.Binau@noaa.gov Daniel.Hawblitzel@noaa.gov
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