1 / 87

Ground Deformation: Faulting and Folding Earthquakes and Mountain- Building

Ground Deformation: Faulting and Folding Earthquakes and Mountain- Building. This is referred to as stress. Earthquake Terms. Movement of rock bodies past other rock bodies is known as an earthquake . The locus of earthquake movement is called a fault

tober
Download Presentation

Ground Deformation: Faulting and Folding Earthquakes and Mountain- Building

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Ground Deformation: Faulting and FoldingEarthquakes and Mountain- Building

  2. This is referred to as stress.

  3. Earthquake Terms • Movement of rock bodies past other rock bodies is known as an earthquake. • The locus of earthquake movement is called a fault • Faults come in all scales; millimeters to meters of separation of lithospheric plates. • Initial point of rupture or source is known as the focus • The point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus is known as the epicenter.

  4. An Earthquake is a rapid vibration of the Earth’s surface created by a sudden movement of a part of a plate along a fault.

  5. Energy released radiates in all directions from its source, the focus

  6. Energy propagates in the form of seismic waves

  7. Three types of seismic waves http://physicsquest.homestead.com/quest15eq.html

  8. Types of seismic waves • Body waves • Travel through Earth’s interior • Two types based on mode of travel • Primary (P) waves • Push-pull motion (compressional) • Travel thru solids, liquids & gases • Secondary (S) waves • Moves at right angles to their direction of travel (shear or zig/zag) • Travels only through solids • Surface waves • Complex motion, great destruction • High amplitude and low velocity • Longest periods (interval between crests) • Termed long or L waves

  9. P and S waves Smaller amplitude than surface (L) waves, but faster, P arrives first

  10. L-wave

  11. Seismographs are sensitive instruments around the world that record the events (Earthquakes)

  12. Seismograph

  13. What is a Fault or Fault line?

  14. A Fault is a fracture in rock along which displacement has taken place- associated with a plate boundary.Faults can be active or inactive, and can be associated with either current or old plate boundaries.

  15. Types of Faults

  16. Normal

  17. Reverse

  18. Strike-slip

  19. Where do Earthquakes occur?

  20. What causes an Earthquake??

  21. So, how does energy released by slippage at a fault travel through the ground?

  22. Energy from an Earthquake travels in seismic waves.

  23. Detecting and Locating Earthquakes

  24. Seismograph: A device that records earthquake waves.Seismogram: The “picture” drawn by a seismograph.

More Related