1 / 30

Muscle Types & Characteristics: Anatomy Overview

Learn about skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle types, their characteristics, functions, and responses to use and disuse. Explore muscle contractions and response to stimulus in the human body.

tlaurie
Download Presentation

Muscle Types & Characteristics: Anatomy Overview

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Anatomy-Muscular System Muscle Types, Characteristics & Function

  2. Bell Work • Grab your note taker from the front table • Discuss in your groups the anatomical movements at each joint • Be ready to demonstrate different anatomical movements!

  3. Objectives • Students will be able to: • Define terms for muscle types & characteristics • Identify muscle types, characteristics & function • Label & give examples of muscle types • Compare muscle response to USE and DISUSE • List skeletal muscle contractions & response to stimulus

  4. Metric Length of muscle Myo Muscle Tendon Connects muscle to bone Contraction Shortening or tensing of a muscle Striated Striped Voluntary Conscious control by will/choice Involuntary Not under conscious control Terminology

  5. General Characteristics • Muscles provide ACTION for the body • Excitable • Muscles are electrically excitable • Action occurs when nerve cell stimulates the muscle cell • Contractable • Muscle cells contract • Shorten or tense

  6. General Characteristics • Extensible • Ability to stretch from the normal resting length • Elastic • Ability to return from a stretch to normal resting length

  7. Muscle Types-Smooth • Characteristics • Occurs in layers in walls of hollow internal organs • Blood vessels, digestive system, urinary system & other internal organs • Involuntary

  8. Muscle Types-Smooth • Structure • Elongated cells with tapered ends • Not striated • Shorter than skeletal muscle cells

  9. Anatomy-Muscular SystemMuscle Types-Smooth • Function • Slower to contract & relax • Can maintain longer contraction (endurance) • Wave like contractions

  10. Muscle Types-Smooth • Smooth Muscle Cells • Microscope View • Stained

  11. Muscle Types-Smooth • Myofibrils • Contractile part of muscle fiber • Nucleus • Hereditary material, controls metabolism • Sarcoplasm • Protein to control cell metabolism • Cell Membrane • Surrounds cell Myofibrils Nucleus Sarcoplasm Cell Membrane

  12. Muscle Types-Cardiac • Characteristics • Occurs only in the heart • Involuntary

  13. Muscle Types-Cardiac • Structure • Striated cells joined end to end • Cells interconnected in branching networks • Intercalated disks between cells to hold cells together

  14. Muscle Types-Cardiac • Function • Capable of long contractions • Has strength & appearance of skeletal muscle • Has endurance of smooth muscle

  15. Muscle Types-Cardiac • Cardiac Muscle Cells • Microscope View • Stained

  16. Muscle Types-Cardiac Striations Branch • Striations • Stripes • Intercalated Disks • Separate cells & hold cell together • Nucleus • Contains hereditary material & controls cell metabolism Nucleus Intercaladed Disks

  17. Muscle Types-Skeletal • Characteristics • Attached to bone by a tendon • Function together with bones to provides movement • Voluntary

  18. Muscle Types-Skeletal • Structure • Striated • Cylindrical shape with rounded ends • Covered by loose connective tissue called “fascia”

  19. Muscle Types-Skeletal • Function • Contraction occurs when muscle cell is stimulated by an electro-chemical impulse from a nerve • Muscle contracts & moves body part

  20. Muscle Types-Skeletal • Skeletal Muscle Cells • Microscopic View • Stained

  21. Muscle Types-Skeletal • Epimysium • Connective tissue surrounding muscle • Perimysium • Connective tissue surrounding bundle of fibers • Endomysium • Connective tissue surrounding muscle fiber Blood Vessel Perimysium Endomysium Epimysium Bone Tendon

  22. Muscle Types-Skeletal • Fascicle • Small bundle • Muscle fiber • Elongated contractile cell Muscle Fiber Fascicle Blood Vessel Endomysium Perimysium Epimysium Bone Tendon

  23. Skeletal Muscle • Response to Use • Hypertrophy • Increase in muscle fiber size • Not in # muscle fibers • More forceful contraction

  24. Skeletal Muscle • Response to Disuse • Atrophy • Decrease in muscle fibersize • Not in # muscle fibers • Less forceful contraction

  25. What does that mean? • Contraction strength directly related to diameter of muscle fiber • The BIGGER the muscle fiber – the more you have used that muscle • The SMALLER the fiber – the Less you have used that muscle

  26. 3 Types of Muscle Contractions • Isometric • Muscle contracts but does not shorten • Concentric • Muscle shortens during contraction • Eccentric • Muscle lengthens during contraction

  27. Muscle Response • Threshold Response • Minimal strength of stimulus to get a contraction • Muscle remains unresponsive until a certain strength of stimulus is applied

  28. Muscle Response 2. All-or-None Response • Muscle fibers are completely relaxed or contracted • Stimulus must be threshold strength or greater to get a contraction • No Partial Contraction • of muscle fibers • Either you contract or you don’t!

  29. Muscle Types-Skeletal

  30. Wrap it up… • On a sheet of paper… • List an example of • Smooth muscle • Cardiac muscle • Skeletal muscle • AND give me • One characteristic • Its structure • One function • TURN IN ONCE YOU ARE FINISHED! • Example: • Smooth muscle (give example) • Characteristic • Structure • Function

More Related