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The Progressive Era

The Progressive Era. 1880s-1920s. A Reaction to Industrialization. P roblems. The Sweat Shop. … ills …. Corruption Scandals Waste. …and troubles. Child Labor Immigratio n. Who were theProgressives. Most were WASPS White Anglo Saxon Protestant

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The Progressive Era

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  1. The Progressive Era 1880s-1920s

  2. A Reaction to Industrialization

  3. Problems The Sweat Shop

  4. …ills… • Corruption • Scandals • Waste

  5. …and troubles. Child Labor Immigration

  6. Who were theProgressives • Most were WASPS • White • Anglo • Saxon • Protestant • Northeastern-Midwest origins/middle class • Do-gooders, busy-bodies middle-class, liberals with college education

  7. Causes Were Many • Reforms -Business, politics, education, labor, sanitation, Gap betw. Rich/poor, and living conditions • Trust-busting • Destruction of urban political machines • Temperance • Unions-Orgaz. Help workers • Immigrants • Food and drugs • Housing, sewers, and conservation

  8. Politics Three Presidents Claimed to be Progressives Theodore Roosevelt 1899-1908 (R-NY) William Howard Taft 1908-1912 (R-OH) Woodrow Wilson 1912-1920 (D-VA)

  9. The Progressive Amendments

  10. Public Enemy #1…The Trusts The Octopus

  11. Trusts + Imperialism=War

  12. The Robber Barons over Time Slave Master Monarch Monopoly

  13. Robber Barons Milton Pennybags/Mascots Ford/Motor Corp. Carnegie/US Steel Morgan/J.P. Morgan Finance Vanderbilt/Railroads Rockefeller/Standard Oil

  14. P.O.V.

  15. Leading to…

  16. And this

  17. Progressive Personalities • The Muckrakers—journalists who exposed the dirty (raked up the muck) • Novelists—Charles Dickens –Oliver Twist • Social Workers—Settlement Houses • Conservationists—National Parks/ forest preserves….

  18. Muckrakers Ida B. Wells/Lynching Ida Tarbell/Standard Oil Nellie Bly/Insane Asylums Helen Hunt/Indians Jacob Riis/Slums

  19. The Novelists Benjamin Franklin Norris— The Octopus—monopolies and their affects on society John Spargo— The Bitter Cry of Children— child labor Upton Sinclair— TheJungle— meat packing and immigrant labor in Chicago

  20. Social Workers Hull House -Jane Addams for “new immigrants” mainly Greeks and Italians. Services: kindergarten, English classes, nutrition, housekeeping, hygiene, recreation, lending library, shelter from domestic violence.

  21. Conservation

  22. A Place to Hide Theodore Roosevelt and John Muir Not all appreciated Muir

  23. Attempts to End Jim Crow

  24. Booker T. Washington • Tuskegee Institute in Alabama • Vocational training • Useful, indispensible • Gradual integration • Work for equal rights • Patience, respect • Influence on M.L. King—passive resistance, non-violent

  25. William Edward Burckhardt DuBois • First Harvard PhD in sociology • Entitled to equality • Demand immediate results • Influence on Malcolm X—byany means necessary

  26. Prohibition/Temperance • Cause of… • Poverty • Domestic violence • Prostitution • Child labor • Crime • Being “Ethnic” • Associated with… • Catholics • Immigrants (German, Irish, Polish, Russians)

  27. Radical Campaign Frances Willard—Evanston, Women’s Christian Temperance League Carrie Nation—Anti-Saloon League, smashes up bars with her hatchet

  28. “Bleeding Heart Liberals” Lincoln, Garfield, and now McKinley, died for your sins (slavery, trusts, imperialism) Guilt by association…lie down with dogs and wake up with fleas…you are known by the company you keep….

  29. Women’s Issues…

  30. Legacy • Graduated Income Tax—Rate depends on income • Direct Election of Senators by people • Prohibition of Alcohol • Women’s Suffrage • Child Labor Laws • Workers Compensation • Compulsory education • FDA_Meat and drug inspection • Anti-trust laws • Hospital, asylum, and prison reform • Civil Rights Movement • Immigration Quotas

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