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The kidneys

The kidneys. Steroid hormone, Calcitriol : Calcium uptake from kidneys, requires Vitamin D 3 . Peptide hormone, Erythropoietin (EPO) : stimulates RBC production, increase in O 2 .

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The kidneys

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  1. The kidneys • Steroid hormone, Calcitriol: Calcium uptake from kidneys, requires Vitamin D3. • Peptide hormone, Erythropoietin (EPO): stimulates RBC production, increase in O2. • Enzyme, Renin: released when blood volume and pressure is low; forms Angiotensin II which increases ADH and aldosterone production.

  2. The thymus • Location: posterior to the sternum • Maximum size at puberty; gradual decrease in size over time • 40g @ puberty  12g @ 50 • Hormone: thymosins • Function: development and balance of immune system

  3. The gonads (Table 10-4, P. 352) Testes Ovaries Cells: Follicles Estrogens Maturation of ova (eggs), female secondary sex characteristics, associated behaviors Progestins Progesterone: movement of fertilized eggs and preparation of uterus • Cells: Interstitial cells • Androgens • Testosterone: sperm production, maintain function of male reproductive tract, secondary sex characteristics, protein synthesis, aggression

  4. Adipose tissue • Two peptide hormones • Leptin: relay to hypothalamus for satiation and appetite control; gonadotropin synthesis • Resistin: insulin insensitivity, possible link between obesity and type 2 diabetes

  5. Hormones and aging • Aging does not dramatically affect the endocrine system • Exceptions: • Estrogen: decrease production during menopause; linked to bone loss and osteoporosis. • As tissues age, their sensitivity to hormones may decrease. (ex. Glucocorticoids, decreased metabolism)

  6. Homework • CO 5 (Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pineal, Pancreas, Kidneys, Thymus, Testes, Ovaries & Adipose Tissue) • Vocab: Infundibulum, Prolactic, Oxytocin, Erythropoietin • Due: Wednesday, 3/20 • Study for Unit Test: Monday, March 25th.

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