SUDAN

1. SUDAN By: Amber M. Loomis Alejandro Sanchez

2. Important People • Muhammad Ahmad bin ‘abdallah:1843-1885 Joined a religious order, Sammnujah. He was given the status of Shaykh. In 1870 he and some of his disciples journey 175 miles of Khartoum to an island in the White Nile called Abba. They went there to receive religious instruction living from one of the teachers living on that island. He died on June 22, 1885. He was not quite 41 yet.

3. Important People 2. Horatio Herbert Kitchener:1850-1916 Born on June 14, 1850 at Crotter House, Ballylongford, County, Kerry, Ireland. In October 1899 the Anglo-Boer War erupted in South Africa. In December 1899, Kitchener joined Lord Roberts as his chief of staff. By the end of 1900, the British had reserve their early defeats and occupied Orange Free State and The Transvaal.

4. Important Places 1. Dinder National Park- It is one of the biggest parks in the world. There are many species of wild animals, including the lion, giraffe, leopard, kudu, bushbuck and antelope, and birds such as guinea fowl, vulture, pelican, stork, kingfisher and the crown crane. Kudu- Bushbuck- Stork- Crown Cane-

5. Important Places 2. Omdurman, Sudan-It is one of the major cities in Sudan, Africa. They have a population of 1,670,000. Battle of Omdurman,  (Sept. 2, 1898), decisive military engagement in which Anglo-Egyptian forces, under Major General Sir Herbert Kitchener (later Lord Kitchener), defeated the forces of the Mahdist leader Abd Allah and thereby won Sudanese territory that the Mahdists had dominated since 1881. Pyramid Houses- Battle of Omdurman-

6. Physical FeaturesEx: Rivers, Landforms etc…. 1. Dams in Sudan-There are 6 Dams that run through Sudan. They are the Aswan, Dal, Kajbar, Merowe, Shereik, and Roseires. They are all located on the Nile River. Aswan- Dal- Kajbar- Merowe-

7. Physical FeaturesEx: Rivers, Landforms etc….. 2. Akobo River- This river borders Sudan and Ethiopia. It flows west for 434 kilometers. The tributaries of the Akobo include the Cechi , the Chiarin, and the Owag, on the right or Ethiopian side, and the Nenbari on the left or Sudanese side.

8. Humans and Physical Environment • In Sudan, the humans have impacted it with mining. The Sudanese people find Gold, Diamonds, Copper and other minerals are found in rainforest. . Gold is usually extracted from this gravel using a sluice box to separate heavier sediment and mercury for amalgamating the metal. 

9. Geographic Factors and Natural Resources 1. Sudan is the largest country in Africa. It is 2,505,813 square kilometers. The southern clay plains, which can be regarded as an extension of the northern clay plains, extend all the way from northern Sudan to the mountains on the Sudan-Uganda frontier, and in the west from the borders of Central African Republic eastward to the Ethiopian highlands. This great Nilotic plain is broken by several distinctive features. First, the White Nile bisects the plain and provides large permanent water surfaces such as lakes Fajarial, No, and Shambe. Second, As Sudd, the world's largest swamp, provides a formidable expanse of lakes, lagoons, and aquatic plants, whose area in high flood waters exceeds 30,000 square kilometers.

10. Sudan's Culture Language- Arabic Traditions- Weddings, Ramadan& Eid, Christmas, etc. Ethnic Groups- The definition and boundaries of ethnic groups depend on how people perceive themselves and others. Language, cultural characteristics, and common ancestry may be used as markers of ethnic identity or difference, but they do not always define groups of people. Foods- Central Sudan, is perhaps the region that is the most diversified and colorful in its cuisine and dietary habits. This is due to its being a melting pot for the different Sudanese cultures and peoples, and to its exposure to external influences, like the effect of the British domination during the Condominium period. Clothing-The African nation of Sudan is a country with strong Islamic and Christian influences. Partially ruled by Islamic law, the type of clothes worn in Sudan is similar to those worn in the surrounding nations of Egypt, Libya and Ethiopia. Many factors come into play in a region like Sudan, in which religion, status, climate and way of life all affect how one dresses. Music- Sudan has a rich and unique musical culture that has been through chronic instability and repression during the modern history of Sudan. Religion- 70% percent of the population are Sunni Muslim, 25% follow traditional indigenous beliefs, and 5% are Christian.

11. Sudan's Government Sudan has a Military Government. There independence is on January 1, 1956.  Sudan's type of Government is Provisional Government established by the Comprehensive Peace Agreement.  The Interim National Constitution was adopted on July 6, 2005. It was drafted by the National Constitutional Review Commission, as mandated by the January 2005 CPA.

12. Sudan's Location Sudan is located in the Northern part of Africa. Sudan borders Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, and Uganda. Sudan is the largest country in Africa. 

13. QUESTONS • What is the first location we named?? • Name 2 things the Sudanese find while they are mining. • How many countries border Sudan? ??TRUE OR FALSE?? 4. Sudan is the smallest country in Africa. 5. Ak47 is an illegal weapon in Sudan. 6. The language in Sudan is African.

14. The Answers • Dinder National Park • Diamonds and Copper • 9 4. False- It is the largest. 5. True 6. False- The language is Arabic.