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ALPHA AND BETA GLOBIN POLYMORPHISM IN PODOLIC CATTLE

Evidence of gene flow from Zebu ( Bos indicus ). ALPHA AND BETA GLOBIN POLYMORPHISM IN PODOLIC CATTLE. Pieragostini E. 1 , Rullo R. 2 , Di Luccia A. 1. 1 Dipartimento PROGESA, Universit y of Bari, Italy 2 IABBAM, CNR Ponticelli, Naples, Italy. Highlights.

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ALPHA AND BETA GLOBIN POLYMORPHISM IN PODOLIC CATTLE

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  1. Evidence of gene flow from Zebu (Bos indicus) ALPHA AND BETA GLOBIN POLYMORPHISM IN PODOLIC CATTLE Pieragostini E.1, Rullo R.2, Di Luccia A.1. 1Dipartimento PROGESA, Universit y of Bari, Italy 2IABBAM, CNR Ponticelli, Naples, Italy.

  2. Highlights • A and B are the most common b chains of bovine and are controlled by two allelic genes • At first, a cline in the gene frequency of hemoglobin B, spreading from the Channel Islands, across France and on to India had been suggested. • However, a clear discontinuity between European breeds was found afterwards. • The study by Baker and Manwell (1980) highlighted that hemoglobin is a useful marker in differentiating several of the major breed groups and that there is not a simple Europe – to – India cline. The Podolian primigenius have a significantly lower gene frequency for Hb B than breed groups either west and south of this range. • Moreover HbA of Northen European cattle (Hereford) was found to differ from that of zebu cattle for a silent mutation in the beta chain.

  3. Highlights • Additional haemoglobin variants have been more often found in Indian and African breeds than in European. • Howerver Podolic cattle exhibit an unusual polymorphism. • New alpha and beta globin variants have been discovered. • Particularly the Podolic beta globin variant is the same as zebu cattle.

  4. Following the path ofmutations in the beta-globin chains in the hemoglobin evolution A B A Zebu A Podolic C Rhodesia X Bali b2 Bison bonasus B. taurus B. indicus B. grunniens B. banteng B. taurus Bos gaurus Bubalus bubali B. taurus-indicus mixed B.indicus B. taurus B. Taurus B. grunniensb1 134 Ala  Thr 15Gly Ser 131LysGln 134 Ala  Val 119LysAsn 20AspGly Gulani bull Nigeria 57 ProAla 43 Thr  Ser 116HisAsn 49 Thr  Ser 116HisAsn 18LysHis The most likely evolutionary path of bovine hemoglobin beta chain suggested by Naminakawa et al. (1983) and modified to include A zebù variant and other Bovinae species D Zambia

  5. Genotype and allele frequency at the HBB locus observed in Podolic cattle. (* sampled in Apulia ‡ sampled in Campania) In the table the results obtained randomly sampling other European breeds bred in Southern Italy are also shown.

  6. Conclusions Our frequency data on the bAZebu globin gene suggest that Podolic cattle in Italy maintain a strong memory of the historical crossbreeding between zebu cattle following the barbarian and the indigenous humpless populations. This further confirmation of genetic resemblance between Podolic breed and zebu cattle may encourage specific investigations to assess if the tolerance to tick borne diseases exhibited by Podolic cattle might be partly ascribed to defense mechanisms such as the tick avoidance recorded in zebu.

  7. Thanks for your attention Happy B-day Charls!

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