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Cell Biology

Cell Biology. All you ever wanted to know about cell biology and then some!. 1665 – Robert Hooke coins the term "cell" after first viewing cork cells under a microscope. Born: 1635 AD Died: 1703 AD, at 67 years of age.

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Cell Biology

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  1. Cell Biology All you ever wanted to know about cell biology and then some!

  2. 1665 –Robert Hooke coins the term "cell" after first viewing cork cells under a microscope Born: 1635 ADDied: 1703 AD, at 67 years of age.

  3. 1668 – Newton's telescope1682 – Halley's comet 1671 – 1st calculator machine1712 – Steam engine1776 – Declaration of Indepedence1793 – Whitney's cotton gin

  4. 1831 – Robert Brown finds the nucleus of plant cells born Montrose, Scotland 21 December 1773 ­ died at Soho Square, London, 10 June 1858

  5. 1836 – Morse telegraph1841 – first stapler1834 – Braille alphabet

  6. 1838 – Matthias Schleiden determines that all plant tissue is comprised of cells1839 – Theodor Schwann reveals that all animal tissue is made up of cells too b. Hamburg (Germany), April 5, 1804, d. Frankfurt, June 23, 1881] b. Neuss (Germany), December 7, 1810, d. Cologne, Germany, January 11, 1882

  7. 1846 – War with Mexico1849 – Safety pins1851 – Singer sewing machine1855 – first plastic

  8. 1858 – Rudolf Virchow finds that all cells arise from pre-existing cells b. Schivelbein, Pomerania (Poland), October 13, 1821, d. Berlin, September 5, 1902

  9. 1861 – Civil War begins1864 – Red Cross begins by Barton1865 – antiseptic by Lister

  10. 1873 – Anton Schnieder witnesses and tells of cell reproduction - mitosis

  11. 1873 – first zipper1876 – Bell telephone/NBL begins1893 – first gas automobile1903 – Wright brother's flight1914-1918 – WWI1930 – first analog computer1937 – Golden Gate Bridge opens

  12. 1941 – George Beadle and Edward Tatumrealize genes control cells and direct protein production 1958 Nobel Prize winners!

  13. 1941-1945 – WWII1947 – Polaroid Camera1951 – flourinated water

  14. 1952 – Martha Chase and Alfred Hershey illustrate that DNA is inherited material from sex cells Hershey won the 1969 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work in discovering the properties of DNA. But Chase, who served as Hershey's lab assistant during his experiments and whose name appears on the paper, was snubbed.

  15. 1957 – USSR in space1965-75 – Vietnam Conflict1968 – first heart transplant1969- US man on the moon1977 – first Apple computer1981 – identified AIDS virus

  16. 1997 – Dolly the sheep is the first successfully cloned animal from a single cell Dolly died 2-14-03 at age 6.

  17. How the cell story begins: • Robert Hooke (1665 cork tree bark) and Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1673 pond scum = protists) viewed the first cells under microscopes but did not understand the dynamics of these “mini factories.” • Centuries later Theodor Schwann wrote parts one and two of the widely accepted cell theory. • A few decades later Rudolf Virchow made the addition of part three of the cell theory.

  18. Cell Theory • 1. All organisms are made up of one or more cells. • 2. The cell is the basic unit (smallest building block) of all living things. • 3. All cells come from an existing cell.

  19. Life begins how? Spontaneous Generation http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://micro.digitalproteus.com/pics/spontaneousgeneration.jpg&imgrefurl=http://micro.digitalproteus.com/history1.php&usg=__njcykTnwzVnsquTpXfHQOuK5qDA=&h=209&w=590&sz=12&hl=en&start=2&um=1&tbnid=u4oKA8Bt57iXXM:&tbnh=48&tbnw=135&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dredi%2Band%2Bspontaneous%2Bgeneration%2Bimage%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26rls%3Dcom.microsoft:en-us:IE-Address%26rlz%3D1I7TSHA%26sa%3DX A relatively simple sketch of Redi's experiment regarding spontaneous generation. Starting from the left, the first flask is capped, and no maggots grow within it, then in the second flask flies are kept out, but the mesh allows maggots to grow within, and finally flies are allowed into the third flash where maggots grow.

  20. Cell Facts • Definition: cell = smallest unit that can perform the processes of life. • Size: A type letter “i’s” dot holds up to 50+ human cells. • Cells range from the incredibly microscopic to nearly the size of a football – the ostrich egg is one of the largest single cells! • The surface area to volume ratio of a cell is critical to its survival.

  21. Surface area to volume ratio improtance Cells are limited in how large they can be. This is because the surface area and volume ratio does not stay the same as their size increases. Because of this, it is harder for a large cell to pass materials in and out of the membrane, and to move materials through the cell. http://www.biologyjunction.com/cell_size.htm

  22. QUESTIONS: 1. Which model has the largest surface area? 2. Which model has the largest volume? 3. Which model has the largest ratio? 4. To maintain life, and carry-out cellular functions, materials must be able to move into and out of the cell. Also, material needs to be able to move within the cell. What might be the advantage of having a large surface area?

  23. How many different kinds of cells are in existence?

  24. How are living things organized? *Your average cell is smaller than the period ending this sentence. 10+ bacteria could fit on here! *Therefore cells must often combine to create a larger organism. *Bacteria, some fungi and protists have remained successful being microscopic and unicellular. Advantage = hidden & less energy needed Disadvantage = cell damage = death

  25. How are living things organized? continued *Being multicellular is beneficial though: Benefits include: Larger size means an organism is higher up on the food pyramid. Bigger animals are less likely to be prey, have more variety in diet, and ensure longevity. Longer life span occur when an organism is made of more than one cell. Cells wear out and need to be replaced often. Unicellular organisms have short life spans when life revolves around one cell. Specialization gives each cell type a particular job to focus on and thus helps make the whole organism more efficient.

  26. Cells specialize first to perform a specific job and make tissuesTwo or more tissue types unite to create an organ.Several organs working to do a particular function are an organ system.These systems cooperate and combine to create an organism.

  27. Structure = means the shape, make-up and the look of somethingFunction = means the special job the part does

  28. Structure vs. Function Golden Gate Bridge over the San Francisco Bay

  29. What are all the systems of the human body? Digestive Respiratory Circulatory Skeletal Muscular Nervous Reproductive Excretory Endocrine Lymphatic Integumentary

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