Overview of Census Indicators

Overview of Census Indicators

Overview of Presentation • Dissemination of Census Data • Purposes of census indicators • What is an indicator • How to develop census indicators • Proposed indicators for CensusInfo • Metadata for the indicators

Dissemination of Census Data Basic productions for dissemination of census data; Summary information for national, regional and local authorities and users Reports on key findings on particular topics, supplemented detail results and analyses Profiles of local, minority and small population Spatial and graphical analyses Supplementary metadata covering definitions, classifications and coverage and quality assessments

Goal of CensusInfo “to disseminate the census indicators and basic tables on population and housing characteristics for the country as a whole and for geographical areas/administrative units that can be used for planning, management and evaluation of development programs “

Purposes of census indicators Report the important issues on population and housing characteristics to decision makers and users Increase the usefulness of census information for national and local development programs Facilitate the decision-making process at all level of administrative units Cross-analysis among demographic, social, economic and environmental factors Increase the awareness of census users on policy-oriented indicators

What is an indicator An indicator can be defined as : “a number or ratio (a value on a scale of measurement) derived from a series of observed facts”. Indicators can be expressed in different ways: counts/absolute numbers ratios proportion rates Others: mean/median, percentage, etc.

..cont. • Counts/absolute numbers: gives an idea about a number of events or a number of people with specific characteristics. • Ratio: an expression that compares two quantities relative to each other: e.g. sex ratio, age dependency ratio, enrolment ratio. • Proportion: special type of ratio expressing a relationship between the part and the whole. The numerator represents a portion of the total; the denominator is the total: e.g. prop. of economically active population. • Rate: a type of ratio expressing the number of events occurring within a defined time period divided by the population exposed to the risk of events: e.g. infant mortality rate, age-specific fertility rate, crude birth rate.

…cont. Mean/median: a kind of average value of the events: Mean is the mathematical average of a set of numbers. The average is calculated by adding up two or more scores and dividing the total by the number of scores. Median is the middle of a distribution: half the scores are above the median and half are below the median: e.g. median age, median salary.

How to develop census indicators Take into account: Basic results on the smallest geographical level considering national priorities and international comparability National and sub-national development programs (such as on woman status, labor force participation, education and health) Indicators determined (international and national) for monitoring and implementing specific projects in the country (MDGs indicators, sustainable development indicators, indicators on women status, etc)

How to develop census indicators Organization of work: Teamwork is necessary for well-designed census indicators Demographers and other subject-matter specialists should be involved in this process Collaboration with the related national organizations and principal users (e.g. ministries, state planning office, local authorities, private sector organizations…)

How to develop census indicators More importantly; Data quality, coverage should be checked before dissemination, for example by comparing to the results of other sources (household surveys/administrative registers) and/or previous censuses In case of coverage or quality problem, alternative methods (indirect techniques, some adjustment) can be used to estimate concerned indicators

Proposed indicators for CensusInfo The following guidance is intended to help countries in setting up their own national indicators Proposed census indicators formulated according to the core topics given in “United Nations Principles and Recommendations for Population and Housing Census, Rev 2.” Proposed indicators should be disseminated on regions, provinces, administrative units and by sex

Topics of CensusInfo • Population topics • Geographical characteristics • Internal migration characteristics • International migration characteristics • Household and family characteristics • Demographic and social characteristics • Fertility and mortality • Educational characteristics • Economic characteristics • Disability characteristics • Housing topics

Geographical characteristics Population (de jure/de facto) Urban population (de jure/de facto) Rural population (de jure/de facto) Population density Prop. of urban population Prop. of rural population

Internal migration characteristics • Duration of residence • Population by duration of residence; less than 1 year, 1-4 years, 5-9 years and 10 years or more • Prop. of population by duration of residence;less than 1 year, less than 5 years; less than 1 year, 1-4 years, 5-9 years and 10 years or more • Place of residence at a specified date in the past • in-migrants, out-migrants, net migration • in-migration rate, out-migration rate, net migration rate In-migration rate: M.i /Pi * k Out-migration rate: Mi./Pi * k Net migration rate: (M.i – Mi. )/Pi * k M.i : total in-migrants for area I, Mi.: total out-migrants for area I (M.i – Mi.): Net-migration for area I, Pi : Population of area i k: constant, usually 100 or 1000

International migration characteristics • Country of birth • Foreign-born population • Prop. of foreign-born population in total population • Citizenship • Foreign population • Prop. of foreign population in total population • Year or period of arrival • Immigrants by period of arrival; less than 1 year, 1-4 years, 5-9 years and more than 10 years • Prop. of immigrants by period of arrival; less than 1 year, 1-4 years, 5-9 years and more than 10 years

Household and family characteristics • Size of household • Households by size • Proportion of households by size • Average household size • Household and family composition • Single person households • Nuclear households • Extended households • Composite households • Prop. of single person households • Prop. of nuclear households • Prop. of extended households • Prop. of composite households

Demographic and social characteristics • Sex • Population by sex • Prop. of population by sex • Sex ratio (male/female) • Age • Population by five years age group • Prop. of population by five years age group • Age dependency ratio • the ratio of the combined young (0-14) and old (65+)population to the population of working age group (15-64).

Demographic and social characteristics • Marital status • Single population • Married population • Widowed population • Divorced population • By age groups (15-19, .., 75+) and sex • Prop. of single population • Prop. of married population • Prop. of widowed population • Prop. of divorced population • By age groups (15-19, .., 75+) and sex

Fertility and mortality • Children ever born alive • Children ever born alive by age of mother • Average number of children ever born alive by age of mother • Births in the past 12 months • Births by age of mother and sex • Fertility rates • Crude birth rate • Total fertility rate • Age-specific fertility rate by age of mother

Fertility and mortality • Household deaths in the past 12 months • Deaths by age and sex • Mortality rates • Crude death rate • Infant mortality rate (MDG) • Child mortality rate (MDG) • Life expectancy at birth

Educational characteristics • Literacy • Literate population (15 years old and over) • Adult literacy rate (15 years old and over) • Literate population (15 to 24 years old) • Literacy rate for population 15-24 years old (MDG) • Ratio of literate women to men, 15-24 years old (MDG)

Educational characteristics • School attendance • Students attending the primary education • Students attending the lower secondary education • Students attending the upper secondary education • Students attending the post secondary education • Students attending the first stage of tertiary education • Students attending the second stage of tertiary education • Gross attendance ratio by ISCED level • Net attendance ratio by ISCED level • Gross attendance ratio is calculated for all students, regardless of age, for a given level of education as a percentage of the total population in the official school-age. • Net attendance ratio is calculated for the students in the official school-age for a given level of education as a percentage of the total population in official school-age.

Educational characteristics • Educational attainment • Population not graduated from any school; 25 years old and over • Population graduated from a school by ISCED level;25 years old and over • Proportion of population not graduated from any school; 25 years old and over • Proportion of population graduated from a school by ISCED level;25 years old and over

Economic characteristics • Activity status • Active population; 15-64 years old • Prop. of active population; 15-64 years old • Active population by age • Activity rate by age • Unemployment • Unemployed population; 15-64 years old • Unemployment rate for 15-64 years old • Unemployed population by age • Unemployment rate by age (MDG)

Economic characteristics • Occupation • Employed population by occupation (ISCO Level 1) and sex • Proportion of employed population by occupation (ISCO Level 1) and sex • Industry • Employed population by industry ( ISIC Level 1) and sex • Proportion of employed population by industry ( ISIC Level 1) and sex

Economic characteristics • Status in employment • Employees • Employers • Own-account workers • Contributing family workers • Members of producers` cooperatives • Workers not classifiable by status • Proportion of employees • Proportion of employers • Proportion of own-account workers • Proportion of contributing family workers • Proportion of members of producers` cooperatives • Proportion of workers not classifiable by status • Share of women in wage employment in non-agricultural sector (MDG)

Disability characteristics • Population with disabilities • Prop. of population with disabilities • Population with disabilities by age • Prop. of disabilities by age • Population with walking disability • Population with seeing disability • Population with hearing disability • Population with cognition disability • Prop. of population with walking disability • Prop. of population with seeing disability • Prop. of population with hearing disability • Prop. of population with cognition disability

Housing topics • Type of living quarters • Conventional dwellings • Collective living quarters • Non-conventional dwellings • Prop. of conventional dwellings • Prop. of collective living quarters • Prop. of non-conventional dwellings • Prop of population living in conventional dwellings • Prop of population living in collective quarters • Prop. of population living in non-conventional dwellings

Housing topics • Occupancy status • Occupied dwellings • Vacant dwellings • Prop. of occupied dwellings • Prop. of vacant dwellings • Type of Ownership • Owner-occupied dwellings • Non owner-occupied dwellings • Prop. of owner-occupied dwellings • Prop. of non owner-occupied dwellings • Number of rooms • Average number of rooms • Housing units by number of rooms • Prop. of housing units by number of rooms

Housing topics • Water Supply System • Housing units with piped water inside the unit • Housing units with piped water outside the unit but within 200 meters • Housing units with other type of water supply • Prop. of housing units with piped water inside the unit • Prop. of housing units with piped water outside the unit but within 200 meters • Prop. of housing units with other type of water supply

Housing topics • Main source of drinking water • Housing units with piped water inside the unit • Housing units with piped water outside the unit but within 200 meters • Housing units with other type of water supply • Prop. of housing units with piped water inside the unit • Prop. of housing units with piped water outside the unit but within 200 meters • Prop. of housing units with other type of water supply • Housing units with sustainable access to safe drinking water • Pro. of housing units with sustainable access to safe drinking water • Prop. of population with sustainable access to safe drinking water (MDG) Sustainable access to safe drinking water: defined as piped water, public tap, borehole, protected dug well, protected spring, properly collected rainwater and bottled water.

Housing topics • Type of Toilet • Housing units with toilet in the unit • Housing units with toilet outside the unit • Housing units with no toilet available • Prop. of housing units with toilet in the unit • Prop. of housing units with toilet outside the unit • Prop. of housing units with no toilet available

Housing topics • Sewage disposal • Housing units with empties into a piped system connected to a public sewage disposal plant • Housing units with empties into a piped system connected to an individual sewage disposal system • Housing units with empties into an open ditch, a pit, a river and so forth • Housing units with no disposal system • Prop. of housing units with empties into a piped system connected to a public sewage disposal plant • Prop. of housing units with empties into a piped system connected to an individual sewage disposal system • Prop. of housing units with empties into an open ditch, a pit, a river and so forth • Prop. of housing units with no disposal system

Housing topics • Sewage disposal • Housing units with access to improved sanitation system • Prop. of housing units with access to improved sanitation system • Population with access to improved sanitation system • Prop. of population with access to improved sanitation system (MDG) Improved sanitation system:defined as a piped system connected to a public sewage disposal plant and a piped system connected to an individual sewage disposal system (septic tank, cesspool)

Housing topics • Bathing Facilities • Housing units with fixed bath or shower in the unit • Housing units with fixed bath or shower available outside the unit • Housing units with no fixed bath or shower available • Prop. of housing units with fixed bath or shower in the unit • Prop. of housing units with fixed bath or shower available outside the unit • Prop. of housing units with no fixed bath or shower available

Housing topics • Availability of kitchen • Housing units with kitchen within the unit • Housing units with other space for cooking within the unit • Housing units without kitchen or other space for cooking in the unit • Prop. of housing units with kitchen within the unit • Prop. of housing units with other space for cooking within the unit • Prop. of housing units without kitchen or other space for cooking in the unit

Housing topics • Fuel used for cooking • Housing units by type of fuel; • Gas, electricity, liquefied petroleum gas, kerosene, oil, coal, firewood, charcoal, animal dung, crop residues, other • Prop. of housing units by type of fuel • Housing units using solid fuels (coal, firewood, charcoal, animal dung, crop residues, etc.) for cooking • Prop. of housing units using solid fuels for cooking • Population using solid fuels for cooking • Prop. of population using solid fuels for cooking (MDG)

Housing topics • Type of lighting • Housing units with access to electricity for lighting • Housing units using gas for lighting • Housing units using oil lamp for lighting • Housing units using other type for lighting • Prop. of housing units with access to electricity for lighting • Prop. of housing units using gas for lighting • Prop. of housing units using oil lamp for lighting • Prop. of housing units using other type for lighting

Housing topics • Main type of solid waste disposal • Housing units by type of solid waste disposal • Solid waste collected on a regular basis by authorized collectors • Solid waste collected on an irregular basis by authorized collectors • Solid waste collected by self-appointed collectors • Occupants dispose of solid waste in a local dump supervised by authorities • Occupants dispose of solid waste in a local dump not supervised by authorities • Occupants burn solid waste • Occupants bury solid waste • Occupants dispose solid waste into river/sea/creek • Occupants compost solid waste • Other arrangement • Prop. of housing units by type of solid waste disposal

Metadata for the indicators • Metadata includes descriptive information about the context, definition, quality and condition, or characteristics of the data/indicators • Possible components for census indicators: • Definition • Method of computation • Classification • Disaggregation • Comments and limitation

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Overview of Census Indicators