Turkey’s RTDI Profile

1. “12th Monitoring Committee for Euro-Mediterranean Cooperation in RTD” (MoCo) Turkey’s RTDI Profile Prof. Ömer ANLAĞAN Vice President 7 November 2008, İstanbul

2. The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey TÜBİTAK • It was established in 1963 with a mission to advance science and technology, conduct research and support Turkish researchers. • It is an autonomous institution, governed by a Scientific Board • It is responsible for promoting, developing, organizing, conducting and coordinating research and development in line with national targets and priorities.

3. TÜBİTAK and its role in International Relations The 2nd Article of the law about the establishment of TÜBİTAK f) To assist the Government in the preparation and negotiation of scientific and technological aid and cooperation agreements g)To take part in any and all kinds of scientific and technicalcooperation with domestic and foreign research institutions and researchers within its range of activity; h) To support, organize and participate in scientific meetings

4. Milestones of Recent STI Policy-1 • National Science and Technology Strategy Document - Vision 2023 • Turkish foresight exercise for priority setting • Carried out between 2002 and 2004 by consensus of various expert focus groups (more than 1000 experts) • Approved by the SCST in March 2005

5. Milestones of Recent STI Policy-2 2005-2010 National Science, Technology and InnovationImplementation Plan complemented by: International STI Strategy and Action Plan (2007-2010) National Innovation Strategy (2008-2010) National HRST Strategy and Action Plan (in progress) National STI Infrastructure Strategy (forthcoming) 5

6. Political Commitment and Support • The Supreme Council for Science and Technology (SCST) convenes regularly, and Prime Minister chairs the meetings • Approval of performance measures and the 2010 targets by SCST • Allocation ofadditional financial Resources • Enhancement of the administrative and institutional capacity • Improvements in the related legislation • Prime Minister’s Initiatives: • STI Human Resource Development • Defense Research Program • Space Research Program • Science & Society Program

7. 2004: A Milestone • In September 2004, Turkish Research Area (TRA) was defined • National Science and Technology Strategy and its implementation plan were approved • Two ambitious targets were launched: • To increase GERD/GDP to %2 by 2013 • To increase FTE researchers to 150.000 by 2013

8. Revision of Turkish Research Area Targets • 2004 • SCST defined two ambitious targets for 2010 • To increase GERD as % of GDP to%2 • To increase FTE researchers to 40.000 • 2008 • The SCST revised the targets for 2013 • To increase GERD as % of GDP to %2 • To increase FTE personnel to 150.000

9. Need for Revision • Adoption of the EU methodology for GDP calculation. • High increase in GDP. • Increasing share of private enterprises in funding R&D. • New incentives for R&D. • High rate of increase in the number of R&D Personnel.

10. GERD and GDP In nominal terms GERD had increase more than 100%between 2002 and 2006. 10 * Source: TURKSTAT

11. GERD Performed by Sectors (Source: TURKSTAT)

12. R&D Human Resources (Full Time Equivalent)

13. GERD by Sectors (%) * Source: TURKSTAT

14. New Tax Incentives for R&D • Tax allowance has been increased from %40 to %100. • R&D expenditures can be depreciated in the following 5 years by 100%. • Additional allowance is provided to R&D centers employing more than 500 R&D personnel on a performance basis. • Exemptions in income tax for R&D personnel employed in the private enterprise sector. • Allowance is 90% for Ph.D holders, otherwise 80% • The grant received from public or international R&D funds is exempt from income tax. • Related documentation is exempt from stamp duty. • Etc.

15. Scientific Publications * Source: ISI

16. Domestic Patent and Utility Model Applications Source: Turkish Patent Institute 16

17. Triadic Patents * Source: OECD

18. Turkey’s ST Indicators* Rank Indicator 2002 2006 02-06 Rank wrt Change Change 19 GERD1 3 4,9 % 62 < 7 17 Researchers2 24 43 % 78 1 Rank Indicator 2002 2006 02-07 Rank wrt Change Change 19 Publications3 10 21 % 104 3 26 PCT Applications 85 355 % 318 2 • 1Billion Current PPP $ • 2FTE in thousands • 3 Scientific in thousands *Sources: OECD, TURKSTAT, ISI, WIPO

19. TÜBİTAK • Enhancing capacity by funding research and researchers • Encouraging and funding R&D and innovation activities of the business enterprise • Improving R&D absorbtion capacity by public procurement • Supporting national and international scientific and technological collaboration networks • Enhancing science communication and scientific literacy in society • Conducting R&D • R&D infrastructure

20. Increase in Business R&D Personnel * Source: TURKSTAT

21. TÜBİTAK Support for ST Human Resources Number of Scholarships

22. TÜBİTAK Support for ST Human Resources Amount of Support* *Milyon TL

23. National ST Human Resources Strategy • In 2007 SCST initiated the process for a National Science and Technology Human Resources Strategy and an action-plan. • The Strategy will aim: • To increase the number of R&D personnel • To improve the distribution of R&D personnel with respect to professions • To improve the distribution of R&D personnel with respect to sector of employment

24. Bilateral Programs • Multilateral Programs • EU Framework Programs 24 International Scientific and Technological Activities

25. International STI Strategy (2007-2010) • In 2007, TÜBİTAK has adopted the International Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) Strategy Implementation Plan for 2007-2010.

26. International STI Strategy (2007-2010) Vision To support the increase in Turkey’s power in the international arena by contributing to the development of Turkey’s STI capacity

27. International STI Strategy (2007-2010) Mission To improve Turkey’s STI capabilities within the perspective of Turkey’s international relations, formulate new strategies and policies, establish relations and develop tools to move forward in this global environment and with this way to contribute to our country’s international power.

28. International STI Strategy (2007-2010) (cont.) The Plan had 3 aspects Benefit of the Strategy for foreign policy (STI as a means) Benefit of the Strategy for enhancement of international trade and market share (STI as a means) Benefit of international cooperation for development of STI (STI as an end) Strategic Perspective

29. EU Framework Programs • Associated country since 2002 • Approx. 500 partnerships during FP6 • FP6 was acknowledged as a learning process • During the first year of FP7 (2007) around 130 partnerships established 29

30. Number of International Projects (2000-2008)

31. Turkey in COST COST (European Cooperation in The Field of Scientific and Technical Research) • Turkey has participated in 64 completed Actions with 74 projects. • In October 2008, the number of the Ongoing Actions in which Turkey is participating is 66 and the number of Turkey’s COST projects is 86.

32. EUREKA • Member since the beginning of the network (1985) • Low level of participation until 2007 • In 2006, TR ranked 28th among 38 • In 2007, TR ranked 12th among 38 32

33. Turkey will make the difference. • Action with vision • you make the difference. Action without vision is an activity. Vision without action is dreaming. Turkey will be part of internatonal R&D colloboration to make more prosperous and peaceful globe.

34. ThankYou… omer.anlagan@tubitak.gov.tr