Taking Charge of Your Health

1. Taking Charge of Your Health Chapter One

2. Wellness: The New Health Goal • Wellness – Optimal health and vitality • The Dimensions of Wellness • Physical • Emotional • Intellectual • Interpersonal (or Social) • Spiritual • Environmental • Other aspects: Occupational and Financial • The dimensions of wellness interact continuously, influencing and being influenced by one another

3. Figure 1.1 The Wellness Continuum

4. Table 1.1 Examples of Qualities and Behaviors Associated with the Dimensions of Wellness

5. New Opportunitiesfor Taking Charge • 1900 versus today • Infectious disease • A disease that is communicable from one person to another • Chronic disease • A disease that develops and continues over a long period of time

6. Figure 1.2Public Health Achievementsof the Twentieth Century

7. Table 1.2 Leading Causes of Death in the United States , 2007

8. Figure 1.3 Quantity of Life versus Quality of Life Healthy life 66.2 years Impaired life 11.7 years Life expectancy 77.9 years

9. Table 1.3 Key Contributors to Death Among Americans, 2005

10. Table 1.4 Leading Causes of Death Among Americans Ages 15-24

11. The Healthy People Initiative • Healthy People 2020 objectives: • Eliminate preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death • Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups • Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all • Promote healthy development and healthy behaviors across every stage of life

12. Healthy Campus 2010 • Healthy Campus 2010 • Based on the guidelines of Healthy People 2010, but designed specifically for college students • Assists colleges in developing plans to improve student health • More than 200 health-related objectives

13. Health Issues for Diverse Populations • Sex and Gender • Ethnicity • Income and Education • Disability • Geographic location • Sexual orientation

14. Figure 1.4 Self-rated Health Status and Quality of Care

15. Factors that Influence Wellness • Health habits • Heredity/Family history • Environment • Access to health care • Behavior can make a difference!

16. Reaching Wellness Through Lifestyle Management • Getting serious about your health • Examine current health habits • Choose a target behavior • Learn about your target behavior • Find help

17. Building Motivation for Change • Examine the pros and cons of change • Boost self-efficacy • Locus of control • Internal control versus external control • Visualization and self-talk • Role models and supportive people • Identify and overcome key barriers to change

18. Enhancing Your Readinessto Change The transtheoretical, or “stages of change,” model: • Precontemplation • Contemplation • Preparation • Action • Maintenance • Termination

19. Figure 1.5 The Stages of Change: A Spiral Model

20. Dealing With Relapse • Forgive yourself • Give yourself credit for the progress you have already made • Move on

21. Developing Skills for Change: Creating a Personalized Plan • Monitor your behavior and gather data • Analyze the data and identify patterns • Be “SMART” about setting goals • Devise a plan of action • Get what you need • Modify your environment • Control related habits • Reward yourself • Involve the people around you • Plan for challenges • Make a personal contract

22. Figure 1.7 A Sample Behavior Change Contract

23. Putting Your Plan Into Action • Stick to your commitment. • Remember your reasons to make changes. • Remember, you are the boss. • Use all your strategies. • Make sure your environment is change-friendly. • Get support and encouragement from others. • Keep track of your progress in a health journal. • Give yourself regular rewards.

24. Staying With It • Social influences • Levels of motivation and commitment • Choice of techniques and level of effort • Stress barriers • Procrastinating, rationalizing, and blaming

25. Being Healthy for Life • Making changes in your world • What does the future hold?

26. Taking Charge of Your Health Chapter One