Warmup

1. Warmup Pick up 1.03 Handout worksheet

2. Goal 1.03 Assess commercial and diplomatic relationships with Britain, France, and other nations.

3. At 1st, Americans supported revolution b/c it was like their own Began to question the bloody revolution France expected America to back them up because of the Franco-America Alliance of 1789 We promised to support France in the event of war with England D-R support France Honor alliance & still bitter with England of abuses of colonists Federalists supported England England was an key trade partner – important for the success of American industry Washington declared neutrality (support neither side) Continue to trade with both countries The French Revolution –1789

4. Jay’s Treaty –1794 British seized American ships destined for France, despite America’s declaration of neutrality The AOC signed a treaty w/France that was getting the new US in trouble! Almost brought us to war with Britain John Jay sent to Britain to find a solution England doesn’t want to fight both France & US, but knew US relied on England for trade! Allowed British to stay on American soil (trade) Angered citizens Failed Treaty Never settled dispute over shipping rights in the Bahamas British taking over American vessels

5. Battle of Fallen Timbers – 1794 Native Americans never accepted Treaty of Paris & attacked settlers as they moved West Supported by British in Great Lakes area US interests of moving West will cause constant problems with Native Americans Clashed with the Miami Confederacy & Little Turtle Miami Confederacy defeated in 1794 by Gen. “Mad Anthony” Wayne Ended Native American resistance in Ohio

6. Treaty of Greenville -1795 Native Americans sold tribal land for $10,000 Underpaid for land – this trend will continue throughout American expansion Opened Ohio territory to American settlers

7. Pinckney’s Treaty –1795 Treaty with Spain - Spain gave up all land east of the Mississippi River - Not Florida Mississippi River open to American navigation America has the “right of deposit” at the Port of New Orleans 31st Parallel Southern border of USA

8. What? France seizing American ships & sailors!! Totally illegal – they’re just mad because we remained neutral during their revolution US sends representatives to France to discuss issue 3 French ambassadors (X,Y,Z) want a bribe ($250,000) to even talk about the issue Result: The Navy is created 2 year undeclared naval war with France Quasi War with France XYZ Affair

9. Foreign Policy • As tensions between France & England continued, Jefferson’s solution was the Embargo Act: it forbid trade with any other nation. • He was trying to end impressment (capturing/kidnapping sailors). • The northeast was outraged- they were losing lots of money!

10. Eventually the act was replaced by the Non-Intercourse Act which allowed trade with all foreign nations except France & England.

11. Jefferson’s Legacy Wanted to decentralize gov’t. & make Presidency simpler, but expanded powers of President & central gov’t.

12. James Madison • In 1808 he takes office. • The election showed that Democratic-Republicans could take office without complete anarchy occurring.

13. Hartford Convention • a secret meeting of Federalist delegates from Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Vermont, at Hartford, Conn., inspired by Federalist opposition to President James Madison’s mercantile policies and the War of 1812. • The convention adopted a strong states rights position and expressed its grievances in a series of resolutions against military conscription and commercial regulations. • News of the signing of the Treaty of Ghent ending the War of 1812, along with the secrecy of the Hartford proceedings, discredited the convention and its work. • Its unpopularity was a factor in the demise of the Federalist Party

14. War Hawk • A politician that felt the only answer to dealing with England or any other country is to go to war.

15. War of 1812 • Known as the 2nd Battle for Independence • USA v. England (again) • Remember, England never accepted the fact the we won our independence!

16. Causes of the War of 1812 • British impressment was hurting American industry & our economy • British troops in NW Territory were supplying Native Americans with weapons • Native Americans using these weapons against pioneer settlers – this ticks us off!

17. Problems with the War of 1812 • American military not ready for war • Fighting goes back & forth in Canada • British blockade US coast • 8/24/1814: British burn capital in retaliation for Battle of York • Burned Gov’s. mansion

18. Treaty of Ghent, 1814 • Officially ended the fighting between England & USA • Armistice – end of fighting 1. Problems with the Treaty • Didn’t address issue of impressment or American shipping rights • They could still prevent us from trading with other European countries • Didn’t think they needed to deal with it, since the war was already over - • Since the treaty was signed in Belgium, word didn’t get back to the states for a few weeks…

19. Andrew Jackson • Tennessee General who became national hero • Hated Native Americans • Horseshoe Bend 3/1814: Slaughtered Creek

20. Battle of New Orleans-1815 • Jackson defeats superior British military • High British casualties, few American • Occurred after Treaty of Ghent • If Jackson had not defended New Orleans, the British would have taken the port & possibly disrupted American trade along the Mississippi River • Sense of Patriotism and unity among US citizens.

22. Results of War • Confirmed American independence • Renewed American self-confidence • Rise in Nationalism – pride in one’s country • Proved the success of our new government

23. Peace at Last? • Rush-Bagot Agreement 1817limited # of warships in Great Lakes • Northern boundary of Louisiana Purchase established at 49th Parallel • West to Rocky Mtns. • Britain & US share ownership of Oregon Territory

24. Conclusion Our new government survived its first decade filled with uncertainty. Whiskey Rebellion, controversy of National Bank, creation of political parties, foreign relations etc. Tensions still remained between the different regions, which will continue to divide the country. It was still uncertain if the nation would survive.

28. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F0Kbn8hFT1Q Complete worksheet War of 1812 by end of class.