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OCEANIA

OCEANIA. Austronesian migrations video=http://vimeo.com/17188540. Oceania 8000BC-600BC. Austronesian migrations from Southern China by way of Taiwan and the Philippines to SE Asia and Oceania Inhabitants of New Guinea cultivated root crops (taro) and tamed pigs as early as 5000BC.

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OCEANIA

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  1. OCEANIA Austronesian migrations video=http://vimeo.com/17188540

  2. Oceania 8000BC-600BC • Austronesian migrations from Southern China by way of Taiwan and the Philippines to SE Asia and Oceania • Inhabitants of New Guinea cultivated root crops (taro) and tamed pigs as early as 5000BC

  3. Oceania 600BC-600AD • Polynesians inhabit Hawaii • Excellent mariners and fishermen • Most Pacific islanders became farmers and participated in regional trade • Aboriginal Australians did not farm(nomadic foragers), they did trade pearly oyster shells and other goods and made stone tools (no metallurgy) • Polynesians traveled to Easter Island by 300CE and traveled to South America where they acquired sweet potatoes • New Zealand (Maori people)- the last island to be populated around 500CE

  4. Oceania 600-1450 • Increased trade and travel between islands (Hawaiians adopt Tahitian fishhooks and some words from their language) • Advanced their agricultural societies with yams, bananas, coconuts, etc. Also began fishing with nets, spears, and hooks- led to increased populations • Harvesting fish in Hawaii using fishponds also increased population growth • Overpopulation in Easter Island • A distinct social hierarchy emerged and complex political structure (chiefs)

  5. Oceania 1450-1750 • High chiefs organized large scale projects and oversaw the army • Temples (marae)were built for worship polytheistic nature gods • First Europeans arrive in Oceania • 1519-1522 Magellan’s crew sailed to Philippines, Guam, Marianas and spice islands • Spanish attempted to convert indigenous Chamorro people in Guam and Marianas (many died from smallpox) • Russian explorers reached Hawaii after traveling along coast of N America • Search for northwest passage led French and Englishto Tahiti

  6. Oceania 1750-1900 • More Europeans arrive in Oceania • James Cook made 3 voyages to the Pacific for Britain • 1788 Australia became a penal colony (800/1000) • Hawaii in 1778 • Dutch and English trade companies emerged in Pacific along with missionaries and migrants • Islands in Oceania becomes victim of imperialism • Australia and New Zealand= white dominions • Smallpox caused devastation also slave traders to some islands • Migrants from Indochina came for jobs on plantations (usually indentured labor), European migrants generally came as free men (sugar and pineapple plantations in Hawaii) • Hawaii was annexed by the US (under pressure from American businessmen )in 1898

  7. Cook’s 3 Voyages in the Pacific

  8. Oceania 1900-Present • Japan extended its grip into Oceania in the 1930s • Much of the Pacific campaign was fought on those islands during WWII • ANZAC troops fought alongside the Allied powers both in WWI and WWII • Australia fought with US in Korea, Vietnam, and Afghanistan • Australia (1901 independence from federation of UK colonies)and New Zealand (independent dominion in 1907) have a closer relationship with USA today • Australia abolishes whites-preferred immigration policy by 1973 (population is 92% white today) • Hawaii became 50th state in 1959 • Integrated into global trade/economy

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