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Reclaiming leadership in fisheries January 18, 2012

Welcome to Stockholm Resilience Centre – Research for Governance of Social-Ecological Systems. Reclaiming leadership in fisheries January 18, 2012. Dr Henrik Österblom Stockholm Resilience Centre. We used to be on top of the game. Images from Wikipedia. Now, we have lost the initiative.

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Reclaiming leadership in fisheries January 18, 2012

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  1. Welcome to Stockholm Resilience Centre– Research for Governance of Social-Ecological Systems Reclaiming leadership in fisheriesJanuary 18, 2012 Dr Henrik Österblom Stockholm Resilience Centre

  2. We used to be on top of the game Images from Wikipedia

  3. Now, we have lost the initiative

  4. Limit above which fishing is to intensive USA EU Fishing Pressure Stock size Limit below which stock is too small Data: RAM legacy website, courtesy of Dr Ray Hilborn

  5. Images from NMFS

  6. We are trapped in social-ecological feedbacks! DECISIONS Focusing on short-term economic and social goals over long-term sustainability Maintained Subsidies A Sustained overcapacity

  7. We are trapped in social-ecological feedbacks! DECISIONS Focusing on short-term economic and social goals over long-term sustainability Maintained Subsidies A EVIDENCE Reduced Scientific legitimacy Sustained overcapacity B Unsustainable quotas Decreased quality of stock assessment Depleted stocks

  8. DECISIONS Focusing on short-term economic and social goals over long-term sustainability Maintained Subsidies A EVIDENCE Reduced Scientific legitimacy Sustained overcapacity B Unsustainable quotas Decreased quality of stock assessment Depleted stocks COMPLIANCE Increased incentives to cheat and reduced cooperation with science C Reduced Catch rates Reduced Profitability Österblom et al. 2011 Marine Policy

  9. Can we learn from the US? • “Best practice project”: Dec 2008-April 2009 • Literature reviews • Interviews and workshops with industry, NGO and policy makers in US, Canada and Norway • Workshops with European stakeholder • Report and Scientific publication • Mike Sissenwine, David Symes, Katarina Veem, Tim Daw, Martina Kadin and H.Österblom

  10. Findings • Evidence • Decision making • Compliance

  11. Findings - evidence • Clear and trusted science • Integrated, ecosystem assessments • Regional science centres • Independent, transparent peer-review of science • Technology and incentives to provide data • VMS, video, reduce uncertainty • Industry funded data collection • Observers, cost recovery schemes • Stimulate co-learning processes • Collaborative research Österblom et al. 2011 Marine Policy

  12. Findings – decision making • Clear rules and guidelines for decision making • Ecology first! • Regionalization with industry and NGO participation • Regional fisheries management councils responsible for developing operational management • Proposed management plans subject to approval by NMFS (federal agency) • Transparent decision making process Österblom et al. 2011 Marine Policy

  13. Findings - compliance • Discard ban (Norway and Canada) • Clear incentives for industry • Certification, user rights, reducing overcapacity • Strong compliance mechanisms and enforcement • Supply chain tracking • Enabled by elaborate inter-agency (coast guard, customs, police, fisheries agency, tax authority) cooperation • Legitimacy of decisions through participation Österblom et al. 2011 Marine Policy

  14. Will stocks recover with perfect, science, decisions and compliance? • Cod stocks of Newfoundland showing signs of recovery • Baltic cod stock showing signs of recovery • ….after > 20 years…. • Social and ecological time lags.. • Regime shifts • Climate dependent… • Emphasize the need to use to available ability to influence the dynamics of stocks

  15. Regionalization, how will it improve the knowledge base? • Facilitate cooperation in existing scientific networks • Further build trust between diverse interests in RACs • Perform integrated assessments across scientific disciplines • Perform collaborative research projects with stakeholders • Link fisheries science with ecology, natural scientists with social scientists, scientists with stakeholders

  16. Combine fisheries science and ecology for integrated advice – policy coherence with MSFD Cury et al. 2011 Science

  17. Regionalization, decision making and compliance • Devolve technical aspects to the regions, member states and fishing industry • Define principles, standards, goals and objectives at the EU-level • Delegate the translation of principles into management plans to member states collaborating at the regional level • This can improve compliance and legitimacy!

  18. Suggestions for regaining the initiative • Ecology first • Clear guidelines for decision making • Clear rules for implementation • A regional approach necessary to take different social-ecological context in to account • Give industry room to implement • Ensure transparency and coherent enforcement • but.. • Expect non-linear change and time lags!

  19. Thank you! Henrik.osterblom@stockholmresilience.su.se

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