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Manifest Destiny

Manifest Destiny. Chapter 9. Objectives. Explain the concept of Manifest Destiny. Explain the causes and challenges of westward migration. Migrating to the West. Americans sought economic opportunity NM, oldest colony along New Spain’s northwestern frontier

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Manifest Destiny

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  1. Manifest Destiny Chapter 9

  2. Objectives • Explain the concept of Manifest Destiny. • Explain the causes and challenges of westward migration.

  3. Migrating to the West • Americans sought economic opportunity • NM, oldest colony along New Spain’s northwestern frontier • 9,600 Hispanics live there 1765 • El Paso and Santa Fe • Discouragement • 1. threat of war with nomadic Native Americans • 2. Apaches, nomads of Great Plains

  4. Perpetual Warfare • Competition for buffalo • Comanches and Lakotas • Apaches raid Pueblo and Spanish settlements in NM (N.W. NM Navajos) • Protection of NM • Stronger frontier defenses and more flexible diplomacy with nomads • Gave gifts made alliances with Comanches

  5. No Love for Texas • NM growth and improved security did not extend to TX • Distant • Poor • Subject to raids

  6. California • Isolation • Too far to market (export livestock and grains) • Needed royal money to supply/pay soldiers • Lack of guns and horses allow for Christian missions Father Junípero Serra • Allowed for growth (construction of buildings, irrigation ditches, erected fences, herded cattle, and cultivated grain

  7. Looking Westward • 1821, revolution Spanish rule toppled Mexico made independent republic • Expansionistslook towards CA, NM, and TX • Weakness of Mexican government/economy • Mexicans inferior • America needed land • Manifest Destiny

  8. Santa Fe Trail • Independent Mexico and America begin trading • Santa Fe Trail • Opened trade across Great Plains to Santa Fe, NM • American manufactured goods horses, mules, fur, silver • Mariners from Northeast sailed around South America to CA coast • Tallow and hides  manufactured goods

  9. Santa Fe Trail Map

  10. Mountain Men • Daring young American trappers who hunted beaver pelts in the Rockies • Jedediah Smith, 1826 • Crossed Great Basin and Sierra Nevada to reach CA • Traded with Mexican residents • His trade and migration route became the California Trail, linking the US with the Pacific Coast

  11. Oregon Trail • A variant of this trail turned northwest at South Pass to reach Oregon Country • Found Indian mission at Walla Walla

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