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Lethal and Non lethal

Soldier Systems Technology Roadmap Human and Systems Integration Workshop. Lethal and Non lethal. Maj Bruce Gilchrist NATO LCG 1 Weapons and Sensors Team NATO Task Group SCI-178 / RTG-043 Dismounted Soldier System Weapon Systems Project Director: Small Arms Modernization Project

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Lethal and Non lethal

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  1. Soldier Systems Technology RoadmapHuman and Systems Integration Workshop Lethal and Non lethal Maj Bruce Gilchrist NATO LCG 1 Weapons and Sensors Team NATO Task Group SCI-178 / RTG-043 Dismounted Soldier System Weapon Systems Project Director: Small Arms Modernization Project & Special Weapons And Ammunition Project September 21-22, 2010 Château Cartier Gatineau, Que.

  2. Non- Lethal Background Requirements Lethal Background Requirements Outline

  3. Military forces are more frequently deployed within population centres; 3D approach to operations leads to a more responsible approach to the use of force; Counter-insurgency operations are more frequent where combatants are not clearly identifiable; Need to discriminate between potential opponents and local population; Need to minimize undesired casualties, damages and fratricide; and Force needs to be applied proportionally with scalable effects. WHY NON-LETHAL EFFECTS?

  4. ESCALATION OF FORCE CONTINUUMTHE CAPABILITY GAP DETERMINE INTENT DEADLY FORCE ESCALATION OF FORCE 100m 0m 20m 40m 60m 80m Warning Shot Capability GAP

  5. NON LETHAL ESCALATION OF FORCE CONTINUUM Deadly Force ESCALATION OF FORCE DETERMINE INTENT 100m 0m 40m 60m 80m 20m NL Pain CompliancePain Compliance DeterrentIs not a substitute to the use of deadly force & not a mandatory step Warning and Hailing Devices that warn off & help determine intent at the longest range possiblerange. Does not ensure compliance.

  6. The Army requires a Non-Lethal capability to warn, confirm intent, discriminate and ensure compliance from local populations of an undetermined combat status, within a range ensuring force protection and capability overmatch. Such a capability would enable the Army to manage escalation of forces events and ensure necessary steps are taken to ensure force protection while limiting non-combatant casualties. CAPABILITY REQUIRED

  7. Improved range (closer/longer); Improved accuracy; Scalable effects (close to long range with the same round); Reproducable, measured effects against an industry/scientific standard; Militarised ammunition reliability standards (usage/storage); Reversible effects; and Reliable, immediate effects on the target. AMMUNITION REQUIREMENT

  8. Smaller, lighter, multi-function devices. For example: Dazzler+white light+IR light+strobe Accoustic + real time 2 way translation Voice Translation: hands-free, true 2 way, immediate, 99.9% reliable. WARNING AND HAILING

  9. Force needs to be applied proportionally with scalable effects Top end of the scale is fully lethal Must be a credible to provide a deterrence to those who are ready to use violence against us WHY LETHAL EFFECTS?

  10. Lethality • Lethality results from • Disruption of the central nervous system • Blood loss • Infection • 5 Important Factors • Shot Placement • Shot Placement • Shot Placement • Shot Placement • Everything Else – calibre, barrel length, etc

  11. Not compatible with modern night vision or other sensors Acquired for pest/wildlife control No national stocks remaining / more than 300 sent for disposal in the last few years without replacement Manufactured 1945 to 1953 Manufactured 1943 to 1945 Not compatible with new ammunition Manufactured 1950 to 1955 No foreign weapons for famil training No breaching weapons/ modern grenades No Marksmen Capability

  12. Room for weight reduction WEIGHT ON OPERATIONS • Average Canadian Soldier is 82 kg • 32% of 82 kg = 26.2 kg • Ammo and Weapons – 9 kg • Ballistic Protection – 10 kg • Clothing, Indiv Eqpt, Load Carriage – 9 kg • Radio, NVGs, LAD, GPS + batteries – 6 kg • Water – 3 kg • TOTAL – 37kg + at temp above 40C

  13. POWER ON OPERATIONS • AN/PVS-14 NVG (1 AA battery) • Maglite (2 AA battery) • PRR (2 AA battery) • GPS (3 AA battery) • EOTech Holographic Sight (2 AA battery) • AN/PVS-505 Kite Sight (2 AA battery) • AN/PAC-4C model 7500 Laser Pointer (2 AA battery) • Insight M3X Tactical Flashlight (2 Li-ion CR123A batteries) • BCID Beacon - TAG IR (1AA battery) • Spares – Mission duration dependant • TOTAL –At least 15 AA and 2 CR123 batteries daily • Op MEDUSA, Supply shipped over 17500 AA batteries to one Infantry company alone, in the space of 2 weeks!

  14. Summary • Not this

  15. Increased Precision for both Hit and Effect Reduction of System Weight Reduction of Power requirement Integrated into the Soldier System Networked Weapons IFF Use the information available to direct the soldier onto the target Ergonomics Compatible with soldier protective equipment Multi-effects Lethal and non-lethal in one system Modular to allow the weapon to be adapted for the mission Future Requirement

  16. Summary • Even better, but the uniform would be ISSP not a small arms responsibility

  17. CONCLUSION • The local population will not go away and their support must won and maintained: • Precision is critical; • Identification of Combatant/Non-Combatant is critical; • Serious need to invest in NL capabilities for the future; • The use of separate NL launchers carries unacceptable risks if force escalates rapidly; • All systems must be simple to use & modular; • System Weight and Power need to be reduced; • Scalable effects are highly desirable; • National & International Issues including the Laws of War must be considered.

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