1 / 31

Ecology

Explore the dynamic equilibrium that sustains life and the interactions between living organisms and their physical environment. Learn about energy flow in food chains and webs and the significance of green plants in the ecosystem.

smoe
Download Presentation

Ecology

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Ecology

  2. Ecology • Organisms maintain a dynamic equilibrium that sustains life. • Compare the way a variety of living specimens carry out basic life functions and maintain dynamic equilibrium. • Plants and animals depend on each other and their physical environment. • Describe the flow of energy and matter through food chains and food webs. • Interpret and/or illustrate the energy flow in a food chain, energy pyramid, or food web. • Provide evidence that green plants make food and explain the significance of this process to other organisms. • Human decisions and activities have had a profound impact on the physical and living environment. • Describe how living things, including humans, depend upon the living and nonliving environment for their survival.

  3. Vocabulary • Carnivore: Eats only other animals (meat) • Community: All the living things in an area • Consumer: (Heterotroph) Must eat food for energy • Decomposer: Breaks down dead plants and animals for energy and gives nutrients back to the soil • Ecology: Study of living things and how they interact with each other and their environment • Ecosystem: All the living and nonliving things in an area

  4. Vocabulary • Herbivore: Eats only plants • Mutualism: (Symbiosis) When two organisms need each other to survive, neither is harmed, both benefit • Omnivore: Eats both plants and animals • Parasitism: One organism (parasite) lives off another (host) causing it harm • Population: all the same species in a community • Producer: (Autotroph) makes its own energy by using the Sun’s energy and photosynthesis

  5. Living Things and Their Environment • Energy A. All organisms need __________ to survive B. _________ is the primary source of energy C. Producers (Autotrophs) 1. Use the Sun’s energy to make their own _____________ 2. Example: ________________________ Energy Sun Food (Glucose) Green Plants

  6. Living Things and Their Environment Food D. Consumers (Heterotrophs) 1. Require ________ for energy 2. Cells use ________ to release the energy found in food 3. __________________: obtain energy from consuming plants 4. __________________: obtain energy from consuming animals 5. __________________: obtain energy from consuming plants and animals 6. __________________: obtain energy from consuming wastes and/or dead organisms Oxygen Herbivores Carnivores Omnivores Decomposers

  7. Energy Flow • Food Chain: energy flows from _______ to producers to ____________ to decomposers Sun Consumers

  8. Energy Flow • Energy Pyramid: Movement of energy from the Sun through ___________, consumers and ____________ Producers Decomposers

  9. Food Chains vs. Energy Pyramids • How are Food Chains and Energy Pyramids similar? • How are Food Chains and Energy Pyramids different? Both show where each organism gets their energy from (who eats who) Energy Pyramids show energy lost at each level and food chains do not Energy Pyramids show the amount of energy at each level and food chains do not

  10. Energy Flow • Food Web: many over lapping food chains Plants  Squirrels  Fox Plants  Squirrels  Hawks and Owls

  11. Analyzing Food Webs • What would happen to the owl population if the frog population increased? • What would happen to the mice population if the grasshopper population decreased? • What would happen to the fox population if the frog population decreased? They would increase They would decrease They would remain the same

  12. Analyzing Food Webs Identify the following: • Producers • Herbivores • Carnivores • Omnivores What is missing? Green Plants and Berries Grasshoppers, Rabbits, Squirrels Frogs, Fox, Owls, and Snakes Mice Decomposers – Bacteria or Fungi (Mushrooms)

  13. Food Chains vs. Food Webs • How are Food Chains and Food Webs similar? • How are Food Chains and Food Webs different? Both show how organisms get energy (what eats what) In food chains, each organism has only one thing to consume. In food webs, organisms may have more than one thing to consume.

  14. Interactions Ecology • ___________: the study of relationships and interactions of living things with one another, together with their non living environment

  15. Ecosystem A. A group of organisms in an _________ that interact with one another and with their nonliving environment B. Community: the _____________ part of the ecosystem C. Population 1. Group of the ___________ type of organism living together in the same area 2. Example: all the squirrels in the area area living same species

  16. Ecosystem • Ecosystem: Fish tank (Sun, Water, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Plants, and Fish • Community: Plants and Fish • Population 1: Fish • Population 2: Plants

  17. Parasitism A. an organism that lives off of another organism (________) causing harm to it B. Example: harmful bacteria that make you sick Host Parasite: Harmful Bacteria Host: Human

  18. Mutualism A. two organisms living together so that neither is __________ but both ___________ and need each other to survive B. Examples: microorganisms essential to other organisms, Cleaner shrimp that eat parasites off of other fish Harmed Benefit

More Related