Human Trafficking What you need to know!

1. Human Trafficking What you need to know!

2. What is Human Trafficking? The Criminal Code of Canada defines Human Trafficking as: • *The recruitment, transportation, harbouring and/or exercising control, direction, or influence over the movements of a person in order to exploit that person, typically through sexual exploitation or forced labour.* • It is often described as a modern form of slavery.

3. Defining Domestic Human Trafficking • Coercion for the purpose of exploitation • Does not have to involve movement from one place to another • Sex worker includes: Personal choice or circumstances but when coerced into sex work, it becomes trafficking • Despite age, domestic human trafficking can exist if force, fraud and coercion are present

4. Risk and Vulnerability FactorsKalish & Lagios, 2013 Individual Factors Societal Systemic Factors Social marginalization Poverty / few economic opportunities Isolated neighbourhood / proximity to crime Racism, discrimination Newcomer / language barriers Gender LGBTQ Aboriginal / legacy of colonization • Low self esteem, self-worth • Lack of confidence, insecurity • Problems with family • Do not feel adequately loved • Lack of social support networks • Problems at school / bullying • Previous abuse

5. Something to think about 1 Youth or person can make a Trafficker $1000.00 a day with a potential of $360,000.00 a year. This is a Low estimate.

6. Grooming • In their effort to find a new victim. A pimp will often target and research a new victim, recruit her through whatever means he determines will work best on her vulnerabilities, condition her in order to “Break” her, Isolate her and often torture her (emotionally and physically) • “And don’t forget, you can get a B!#@h anywhere. So keep your eyes open for all possibilities, in any location, and be ready to Pimp, any time, in any place” • Quote from The Pimp Easy Book

7. Warning sings • Language/Vocabulary/ pertaining to trafficking • Underweight, Dehydrated, Poor diet • Excessive Primping • Signs of physical trauma or abuse • STI’s/ Pregnancy • Seems disoriented or isolated from the outside world. With drawing from friends and family • Secretive, very protective of privacy • Sign of a controlling or abusive relationship, avoids eye contact • Always accompanied by someone who seems controlling, Someone who speaks for them • Unexplained money: clothes, hair, nails, jewelry • NO ID, Documents taken away, no fixed address, no emergency contacts • Evidence of sex trade: large number of condoms, 2 phones, Inappropriately dressed • Terrified of law enforcement and persons of authority

8. How Traffickers Recruit and where they look Online Luring Targeting and Luring youth from places like Hotels/House Parties Group homes/Youth shelters Schools/Colleges/Universities Streets/Bus terminals Shopping malls Through “Friends” Parks and Rec centres Hair/Nail/Tanning Salons Food/Restaurants/Coffee shops • Facebook and Chat groups • Online dating sites i.e Plenty of Fish • Twitter • Online job/Summer job offers • Chat rooms • Instagram • Snap Chat

9. Who’s at risk? • Youth population (ages 11-25) sometimes younger/older. • Youth coming from broken families or broken homes. • Youth coming from intact healthy homes and families. • Youth who experience low self esteem/self confidence. • Individuals with a lack of family/community supports. • Youth who have grown up in group home settings. • Youth who have been abused as children or are living in protective care. • New immigrants. • Individuals with learning disabilities. • Indigenous population. • Homeless population or at risk of homelessness. • LGBTQ+ persons. • Youth who experienced Domestic or Sexual Violence growing up • ANYONE CAN BE AT RISK

10. Pimp Mindset…Books available in stores and online Mindset of a Pimp • You’ll start to dress her, think for her, own her. If you and your victim are sexually active, slow it down. After sex, take her shopping for one item. Hair and/or nails is fine. She’ll develop a feeling of accomplishment. The shopping after a month will be replaced by cash. The love making turns into raw sex. She’ll start to crave the intimacy and be willing to get back into your good graces. After you have broken her spirit, she has no sense of self value. Now pimp, put a price tag on the item you have manufactured.

11. Trauma Bonding • Traumatic bonding occurs as a result of ongoing cycles of abuse in which the abuser uses Reinforcement of Reward and Punishment which then creates a powerful emotional bonds that are resistant to change. • A result, Trauma Bonding can look like: Failure to self identify as a trafficked victim Return to pimp or trafficker Denial of violence/abuse/exploitation

12. Types of Human Trafficking Labour Exploitation Sexual Exploitation May Engage in sexual activities in exchange for basic needs Indicate they have a pimp Indicate they have a daily quota they need to meet and that they have to give up the money they earned • May have no/fake Employment contracts • Live in groups, inside their work place. Usually in very poor conditions • Dependant on their employer for necessities • Work Very long hours and making very little pay

13. Types of Human Trafficking Child Trafficking Domestic Servitude May have no private space Does not eat with the rest of the family Sleeps in inappropriate conditions Never leaves the house without the employer • Children may be separated from parents/guardians • Display inappropriate behaviours for their age • No access to education • Travel unaccompanied or with strangers

14. Women as the Recruiter • Trafficked women who are in to the Recruiting roll • Recruit as a part of self preservation • Survival • A way to feel they have Reclaimed their power • Feel it is an opportunity • Important for us to see them as survivors of HT ourselves “ BOTTOM B!#@H “ A victim who has earned trust by the trafficker who is entitled to special treatment (e.g. collect money from other victims, recruits other victims etc.)

15. What do we know? • 89% of Trafficked persons in Canada are from Canada • 98% of Trafficked persons are women • An estimated 16,000 Canadians are being trafficked in Canada • 71% of all Canadian cases involve domestic sex trafficking • 90% are female • 72% of Trafficking victims are UNDER 25 years old • In some cases, Traffickers/Pimps will get their trafficking victims pregnant, when the child is born they are being trafficked into Child porn • Ottawa has the Second highest number of reported Human Trafficking cases in all of Ontario (Toronto is First)

17. How to recognise signs of a Trafficked person…Most Trafficked persons will NOT self identify. Here are a few things to look for • May show signs of fear, anxiety, depression, hypervigilance or intimidation. Avoid eye contact. • Change in their self esteem. • Drop in grades. • May have gaps in their memory. • Signs of physical abuse, such as injuries or bruising or sexual abuse. • Poor health, poor hygiene or malnutrition. • Signs of substance abuse or self harm behaviours, such as cutting. • Wear inappropriate clothing for the weather or the occasion. • Accompanied by someone else who speaks on their behalf. • Have no personal possessions or money. • Unsure of their address or are unifiliar with their surroundings. • Show signs of branding or scaring that could indicate ownership by their trafficker • Distrust for authority and act as if they were instructed by someone else. • Have limited or no contact with their family, friends or little to no social interactions or support.

18. Types of Barriers Victims may experience when attempting to access resources • Fear of Trafficker retaliation • Lack of knowledge of available resources • Lack of trust in the system • Drug dependency • Lack of knowledge of victim rights • Feelings of shame and fear • Not able to identify themselves as a victim • Fear of deportation • Language and or cultural barriers

19. Service needs of a Trafficked Victim • Someone they can trust and count on • Addiction treatment and medical care • Identification • Information on available services • Trauma and mental health counselling • Transitional, second stage and long term housing • Legal Assistance • Emotional support • Interpretation services • Financial assistance • Child care • Reunification or repatriation • Educational and life skills training • Employment services • Advocacy and mentoring

20. Questions… Thank you for your time