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ECOLOGY

ECOLOGY. Abiotic and Biotic environment Food chains and Food webs Pyramids of numbers and biomasses Carbon cycle Pollution Environmental Biotechnology Conservation. Sun as our main source of Energy. Abiotic Environment Light intensity

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ECOLOGY

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  1. ECOLOGY • Abiotic and Biotic environment • Food chains and Food webs • Pyramids of numbers and biomasses • Carbon cycle • Pollution • Environmental Biotechnology • Conservation

  2. Sun as our main source of Energy Abiotic Environment Light intensity • - affects phothosynthesis; affects distribution of green plants • - affects vision of animals Temperature • - affects rate of enzyme reactions; affects physiological activities and metabolism of animals • - changes according to seasons Amount of water • - affects number and locations of flora and fauna • - dependent on rain pattern Oxygen content • - needed for aerobic respiration Salinity • - affects osmotic pressure in cells, especially those of marine/aquatic organisms pH • - affects enzyme reactions • - may fluctuate within a narrow range

  3. Biotic environment

  4. Food Chains and Food Webs

  5. Energy Losses • Energy is passed on from one trophic level to the next • However, only 10% is effectively transferred • Remaining 90% are lost as heat trapped in uneaten body parts egested as undigested materials excreted as waste products of metabolism - Short food chains are more efficient as more energy are made available for the final consumers

  6. Carbon Cycle

  7. Environmental Biotechnology- use of microbes in sewage management

  8. Conservation Why? • Prevent extinction • Maintain a stable and balanced ecosystem • Maintain large gene pool • Conserve marine life as a food source • Scientific value – study of evolution • Nature appreciation – recreational and economical purposes • Maintain biodiversity – economical, medical and industrial purposes

  9. Conservation How? • Pollution control • Natural resource management • Protecting wildlife • Human population control • Role of the Government

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