1 / 13

The Greeks (750 BC- 200 BC)

The Greeks (750 BC- 200 BC). Geography Mountainous, rocky soil, dry climate Coastal –deep/navigable harbors Meant that 1. Rugged terrain kept from uniting 2. Series of independent city-states ( polis) 3. Maritime economy (based on sea trade).

shepry
Download Presentation

The Greeks (750 BC- 200 BC)

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. The Greeks (750 BC- 200 BC) • Geography • Mountainous, rocky soil, dry climate • Coastal –deep/navigable harbors • Meant that 1. Rugged terrain kept from uniting 2. Series of independent city-states (polis) 3. Maritimeeconomy (based on sea trade)

  2. Athens vs. Sparta:A Tale of Two City-States • AthensSparta 1. maritime trade 1. agricultural 2. colonized to in- 2. conquered others crease food supply & enslaved 3. emphasized know- 3. emphasized strict ledge, culture, art, & discipline/military education 4. first to develop 4. monarchial form of democracy govt.

  3. Greek Culture • Religion • Polytheistic/ Anthropomorphic • Mt. Olympus (Zeus, Hera, Athena, etc) • Mythology • Architecture • Classical (balanced, simple geometric forms, domes, arches, columns, elegance) This Not This

  4. Contributions • Government – direct democracy • Virtue of citizenship  responsibilities • Philosophy • Love of Wisdom • Big 3 – 1. Socrates (“Know Thyself”) 2. Plato (The Republic) – pol. Science 3. Aristotle (scientific method/ system of classification)

  5. Contributions • Theatre • First to present plays (tragedies/comedies) • Used to socially instruct • Olympics • Games to honor Zeus • Athletes as heroes to Greeks • Language • Prefixes (geo-, philo-, demo-, astro-, etc.) • Suffixes (-cracy, -ology, -graphy, etc.)

  6. Decline • Peloponnesian Wars (200s BC) • Sparta & allies vs. Athens & allies • War over Athens trying to dominate other city-states • War lasted over 30 yrs; Sparta won • Left vulnerable to be conquered • Alexander the Great

  7. The Romans (500 BC- 500 AD) • Geography • Mountainous (in areas) / very fertile valleys • Treacherous coast / few good harbors • Meant that 1. Romans were farmers 2. Would eventually unite as one people • Early Government • Monarchy  Republic • Republic would last approx. 500 yrs. (500 BC – 1 BC)

  8. Conquerors of the Mediterranean (200 BC- 200 AD) • United Rome, then whole Italian peninsula • Conquered its neighbors • Spain, Gaul (France), Britany (England), Germany, Egypt, and Carthage (No. Africa) • The Punic Wars – Rome vs. Carthage • By 200 B.C., Rome is master of Med. Sea area

  9. Rome – The Empire (1 AD- 300 AD) First 5 Emperors – the “Good Emperors” • Empire greatly expanded its borders • Government - efficient and just • Benefits of strong unified govt. to all citizens 1. system of roads to connect empire together 2. unified system of law for all 3. sound economy (coinage of money, manufacturing, & agriculture) 4. Kept peace & order (PaxRomana) 5. Civic welfare (museums, libraries, educ.)

  10. Fall of Rome (500 AD) 1. Government Instability • Assassinations – no definite method of succession established • Weak leadership – Emperors known for their insanity, immorality, and greediness 2. Economic Troubles • Small independent farmers driven from their land – forced into the cities • Became part of the “mob” – homeless/jobless

  11. Fall of Rome Economic Troubles (cont) • Government develops welfare state to avoid revolt (“Bread & Circuses”) • Lack of manufacturing due to high inflation • Borders to hard to maintain – trade declines 3. Outside Invasions • Germanic tribes (in north) envied Rome’s wealth and advantages • Began attacking on the frontiers/ sacked Rome – 476 AD

  12. Contributions 1. Government – Republic • Makes democracy possible for large pop. 2. Rule of Law • Twelve Tables – all laws written down to protect the rights of lower classes (Plebeians) 3. Engineering – roads, aqueducts, concrete, domes, classical architecture

  13. Contributions • Religion • Adopted Greek deities at first, but renamed • Emperor Constantine later adopted Christianity as official religion of the Empire (approx. 300 AD) Conclusion The Western world (Europe/Americas) is built upon the ideas, knowledge, & practices of the Classical Civilizations of Greece & Rome.

More Related