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Chapter 13

Chapter 13. Swedish Massage Techniques. Topic 13–6: Joint Movements. Joint Movements: What’s in a Name? Gymnastics: therapeutic movements to improve joint flexibility. R ange-of-motion (ROM): joint flexibility techniques. Topic 13–6: Joint Movements. Review of Joint Structure and Function

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Chapter 13

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  1. Chapter 13 Swedish Massage Techniques

  2. Topic 13–6: Joint Movements • Joint Movements: What’s in a Name? • Gymnastics: therapeutic movements to improve joint flexibility. • Range-of-motion (ROM): joint flexibility techniques.

  3. Topic 13–6: Joint Movements • Review of Joint Structure and Function • Joint (articulation): place two or more bones meet. • Classified way they are formed (structure); by type and degree of movement they allow (function). • Structurally: fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial. • Functionally: immovable (synarthrosis;, slightly movable (amphiarthrosis); freely movable (diarthrosis).

  4. Topic 13–6: Joint Movements • Review of Joint Structure and Function • Joint movement techniques focus predominantly on synovial joints. • Ligaments (connective tissue) attach one bone to another. • Tendons (attach muscle to bone) to provide support. • Movement “opens” or “closes” joint.

  5. Topic 13–6: Joint Movements • Review of Joint Structure and Function • Gliding joints • Hinge joints • Pivot joints • Condyloid joints • Saddle joint • Ball-and-socket joints

  6. Topic 13–6: Joint Movements • Range of Motion, Limits to Movement, and End Feel • ROM: amount of movement possible at joint depending on its structure and condition. • If joint’s ROM normal, joint can move freely and without pain in all of its actions. • If joint’s ROM restricted, joint cannot move freely or without pain in some or all of its actions.

  7. Topic 13–6: Joint Movements • Range of Motion, Limits to Movement, and End Feel • Anatomical restrictions: caused by structures that make up joint itself. • Physiological restrictions: limit movement of joint before anatomical restriction reached. • Hard-end feel: bone runs into bone. • Soft-end feel: soft tissue in way of movement. • Firm-end feel: muscles, tendons, ligaments, joint capsule reach limit to lengthen without injury.

  8. Topic 13–6: Joint Movements • Range of Motion, Limits to Movement, and End Feel • Pathological restrictions: limit and decrease joint’s ROM because of pain or structural dysfunction. • Joint fixation: diminished movement within joint capsule space. • Cautions When Working with Joints • See Table 13-1: Conditions, Contraindications, and Cautions for Joint Movement Techniques.

  9. Topic 13–6: Joint Movements • Benefits of Joint Movements • Encourages movement of lymph. • Stimulates production of synovial fluid to lubricate and nourish joint. • Increases local circulation. • Stretches muscles and fascia. • Helps reeducate body about movement potential. • Maintains or increases flexibility.

  10. Topic 13–6: Joint Movements • Types of Joint Movement Methods • See Technique 23: Active Joint Movements Paired With Massage. • See Technique 24: Active-Assisted Joint Movements. • See Technique 25: Active-Resisted Joint Movements. • See Technique 26: Passive Joint Movement Techniques. • See Technique 27: Passive Stretches.

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