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Land Use Regulations to Encourage Nonmotorized Travel

Lesson 5 of FHWA-HRT-05-094 explores how zoning and subdivision regulations can promote nonmotorized travel. It covers essential elements of zoning, including both residential and commercial development standards. Key topics include building orientation, streetscape design, internal circulation, and pedestrian-friendly connections. The lesson emphasizes the importance of form-based codes, design strategies for low-vehicle-speed streets, and the role of developers in fostering walkability and accessibility. By implementing thoughtful regulations, communities can create environments that support cycling and walking.

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Land Use Regulations to Encourage Nonmotorized Travel

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  1. Publication No. FHWA-HRT-05-094 Land Use Regulations to Encourage Nonmotorized Travel Lesson 5

  2. Lesson Outline • General elements of zoning and subdivision regulation. • Development standards for commercial areas. • Development standards for residential areas. • Elements of a form-based code.

  3. General Elements of Zoning and Subdivision Regulation • Subdivision layout. • Cul-de-sacs. • Future extension of streets. • Staged implementation. • Internal circulation.

  4. Commercial Development Standards • Building orientation and facades. • Onsite circulation. • Access between developments. • Parking lots.

  5. Building Orientation Source: PBIC (Dan Burden), www.pedbikeimages.org

  6. Onsite Circulation Source: PBIC (Dan Burden), www.pedbikeimages.org

  7. Development Connections Source: PBIC (Dan Burden), www.pedbikeimages.org

  8. Suburban Parking Lot Design

  9. Creative Parking Lot Design Source: PBIC (Dan Burden), www.pedbikeimages.org

  10. Residential Design Standards • Connectivity. • Short cuts for pedestrians and bicyclists. • Pedestrian- and bicycle-oriented streetscapes. • Streets with low vehicle speeds (<32 km/h (<20 mi/h)).

  11. Interconnectivity Source: PBIC (Dan Burden), www.pedbikeimages.org

  12. Missed Connections

  13. Cul-de-sacs Source: PBIC, www.pedbikeimages.org

  14. Trail Connections Source: PBIC (Dan Burden), www.pedbikeimages.org

  15. Rear-Access Parking Source: PBIC (Dan Burden), www.pedbikeimages.org

  16. Purpose of a Form-Based Code • To establish a basic prescription for good public space along a street. Source: Arlington County Form Based Code

  17. Elements of a Form-Based Code • Building placement (height, distance from street, width). • Streetscape standards. • Architectural standards. • Standards for other public spaces—civic greens, pedestrian walkways, etc.

  18. Lesson Summary • Zoning and planning regulations can be effective tools in encouraging pedestrian and bicycle travel. • Developers play a key role in accommodating and encouraging nonmotorized travel. • There are a variety of strategies for achieving good design in residential and commercial areas.

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