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Alkanes
Alkanes. Nomenclature, Conformational Analysis, and an Introduction to Synthesis. Alkanes. acyclic hydrocarbons. saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons paraffins general formula C n H 2n+2. Sources of methane. product of anaerobic plant decay. major constituent of natural gas (97%)
By Thomas
AP Chem
AP Chem. Get Thermo Practice WS stamped off Today: Entropy, Gibbs Free Energy Spontaneous reactions Unit 4 Quest Th 11/8. First Law of Thermodynamics. Energy cannot be created nor destroyed. Therefore, the total energy of the universe is a constant.
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The candle lab: calculations
The candle lab: calculations. Data: 0.95 g, 30.6 ° C 1. q = heat/energy change, units: J or Joules c = specific heat, units: J/g ° C m = mass, units: g or grams T= temperature change, units: ° C 2. 200 g 3. q = cm T = 4.18 J/g ° C x 200 g x 30.6 ° C
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Lecture 8 Summary
Lecture 8 Summary. Spontaneous, exothermic. Spontaneous, exothermic. Spontaneous, endothermic. Lecture 9: Gibbs Free Energy G. Reading: Zumdahl 10.7, 10.9 Outline Defining the Gibbs Free Energy ( D G) Calculating D G (several ways to) Pictorial Representation of D G.
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AP CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 6 NOTES THERMOCHEMISTRY
AP CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 6 NOTES THERMOCHEMISTRY. Energy - the capacity to do work or to produce heat.
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Where on the blank outline of the periodic table do the following elements appear? (a) Main groups (b) Halogens (c) Alka
6.27. Where on the blank outline of the periodic table do the following elements appear? (a) Main groups (b) Halogens (c) Alkali metals (d) Noble gases (e) Alkaline earths (f) Group 3A elements (g) Lanthanides. 6.28.
By guri
200 g q = cm T = 4.18 J/g ° C x 200 g x 29.0 ° C = 24 2 44 J or 24.2 kJ 24.2 kJ/0.66 g = 3 6 .7 kJ/g 3 6 .7 kJ/g
Data: 0.66 g, 29.0°C. 200 g q = cm T = 4.18 J/g ° C x 200 g x 29.0 ° C = 24 2 44 J or 24.2 kJ 24.2 kJ/0.66 g = 3 6 .7 kJ/g 3 6 .7 kJ/g x 352.77 g/mol = 1 2 958 kJ/mol or # mol= 0.66 g 352.77 g/mol=1. 8 7x10 – 3 mol 24.2 kJ/ 1. 8 7x10 – 3 mol = 1 2 958 kJ/mol
By ojal
Bond Strength
Bond Strength. Bond length (the distance between the nuclei of atoms in a covalent bond) decreases with the addition of more shared pairs = stronger bond Recall: What is “ionization energy”? Similarly, energy is required to break a bond between atoms in a molecule: bond dissociation energy .
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Thermochemistry
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Thermochemical Calculations
Thermochemical Calculations. CA Standards. Units for Measuring Heat. The Joule is the SI system unit for measuring heat:. The calorie is the heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 Celsius degree. Specific Heat.
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Preview
Standardized Test Preparation . Chapter 5. Preview. Multiple Choice Short Answer Extended Response. Standardized Test Preparation . Chapter 5. Multiple Choice. 1. In the modern periodic table, elements are arranged according to A. decreasing atomic mass.
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Alkenes
Alkenes. Properties Nomenclature Stability Addition Reactions. Ethylene. Electron Rich p -Bond. Cis and Trans no rotation about p -bond. Elements or Degrees of Unsaturation: p -Bond or Ring. Halogens replace Hydrogens. Saturated compounds with Oxygen and Nitrogen.
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Calculating Δ H using molar heats of formation
Calculating Δ H using molar heats of formation. Chem 12. If 1 mol of compound is formed from its constituent elements, then the enthalpy change for the reaction is called the enthalpy of formation, H o f . Standard conditions (standard state): 1 atm and 25 o C (298 K).
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Periodic Trends/Patterns
Periodic Trends/Patterns. CH. 2. Nuclear charge atomic size or radius ionization energy electron affinity electronegativity metallic character. Reactivity bonding characteristics crystal configurations acidic properties densities. Periodic Trend. Quantum Mechanical Model.
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Microreactors as a Pilot and Production Scale Tool for Chemical Processes Dirk Kirschneck
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SURVEY OF BIOCHEMISTRY Glycogen
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Sum: 2C 6 H 14 (l) + 19O 2 12CO 2 + 14H 2 O(g) D H o = - 2 D H f o C6H14 + 1 2 D H f o CO2 + 14 D H f o H2O
2. Energy Level Diagram. Elements: 12C(s), 14H 2 (g), 19O 2 (g). 0. D H f o kJ. Reactants : 2C 6 H 14 (l). 2 D H f o C 6 H 14 -334. S n D H f o (react) = -334. Products : 14H 2 O(g). Net D -7782 or -3891 kJ/mol. 14 D H f o H2O -3388. 1. Using Formula.
By geraldine
Outline: 4/18/07
Outline: 4/18/07. Avg: 7.2. Pick up Quiz 9 – from me Special seminar Wednesday 7:30pm & Thursday 3pm Last two seminars: Friday @ 4pm. Today: Chapter 22 (cont’d). Nuclear Chemistry - Common decay calcs - Biological interactions. Let do some CAPA questions:.
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Entropy (S)
Entropy (S). A measure of the amount of disorder of a system Nature tends to move towards more disorder (higher entropy) Which has the greater entropy in each pair? NH 3 (g) or NH 3 (l) NH 3 (g) or NH 3 ( aq ) CO 2 (s) or CO 2 (g) KBr (s) or KBr (l).
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Control of Structure
Control of Structure. Why do elements and compounds adopt one structure as opposed to another?. Thermodynamics Review: G = H - TS. Bond Strength Favored by strong bonds. Freedom of Movement Favored by more particles. Temperature Control?. Thermodynamics Review: G = H - TS.
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