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Understanding Structural Control in Chemistry: A Thermodynamic Perspective

Why do elements and compounds adopt specific structures? Learn how bond strength, freedom of movement, and temperature influence structural preferences. Explore bonding concerns, trends, and Lewis base activities. Discover the significance of sigma versus pi bonding in shaping molecular structures.

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Understanding Structural Control in Chemistry: A Thermodynamic Perspective

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  1. Control of Structure Why do elements and compounds adopt one structure as opposed to another?

  2. Thermodynamics Review: G = H - TS Bond Strength Favored by strong bonds. Freedom of Movement Favored by more particles. Temperature Control?

  3. Thermodynamics Review: G = H - TS Bond Strength Favored by strong bonds. Freedom of Movement Favored by more particles. Example: Cl-Cl vs. ClCl Cl-Cl bond strength = 242 kJ/mol So (Cl) = 165 J/Kmol So (Cl2) = 223 J/Kmol

  4. Bonding Concerns and Trends: Number of bonds Type of bonds: sigma vs. pi

  5. Number of Bonds Possible: F, O

  6. Number of Bonds Possible: N, C

  7. Lewis Base Activity Expands # Bonds

  8. sigma vs. pi bonding: Lewis structure examples

  9. Shapes of sigma and pi bonds

  10. sigma vs. pi bonding: shapes, strength and trends

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