Unit 7: Adverbs and Prepositions

1. Unit 7: Adverbs and Prepositions Lesson 1: What is an Adverb?

2. Adverbs • An adverb is a word that describes a verb. • Tell how, when, or where the action happens. • Many end in –ly.

3. Common Adverbs • How: fast, hard, together, happily, quietly • When: tomorrow, later, next, often, again • Where: here, there, inside, far, upstairs, forward

4. Examples • Keith and Tina hurried downtown. • Subject: • Verb: • Adverb: • They easily found Grove Street Park. • Subject: • Verb: • Adverb:

5. Unit 7: Adverbs and Prepositions Lesson 2: Comparing with Adverbs

6. How to Compare with Adverbs • For most adverbs, add –er to compare two things and –est to compare three or more things. • For longer adverbs, add more or most before the word.

7. Examples • Late, later, and latest • Often, more often, and most often • Early, earlier, and earliest

8. Examples • Does Adam swim _____ than Barb? (often) • I get into the water _____ of all my friends. (slowly) • Josh always swims _______ than Kyle does. (straight) • I do the side stroke _____ that I do the crawl. (easily)

9. Unit 7: Adverbs and Prepositions Lesson 3: Adjective or Adverb?

10. Adverb or Adjective? • Remember: • Adverbs usually have –ly • Adjectives describe nouns; adverbs describe actions • Good is always an adjective; well can be an adjective or an adverb.

11. Practice • The ballet company performed (good, well). • The dancers’ movements were (graceful, gracefully). • The star ballerina spun (rapid, rapidly) on her toes. • The audience clapped (loud, loudly) at the end.

12. Unit 7: Adverbs and Prepositions Lesson 4: Negatives

13. What is a negative? • Negative: words that mean “no” or “not” • Contractions that are formed with the word “not” are also negatives. • A sentence should only have ONE negative; do not use double negatives!

14. Practice • Didn’t you (ever, never) see a three-ring circus? • Isn’t (anybody, nobody) watching the high-wire act? • There isn’t (anything, nothing) underneath the wire. • Our friends at home (had, hadn’t) none of the fun.

15. Unit 7: Adverbs and Prepositions Lesson 5: Prepositions

16. What is a Preposition? • Preposition: relates another word in the sentence to the noun or pronoun that follows the preposition. • Object of the preposition: the noun or the pronoun that follows the preposition.

17. Examples • About down during • Above except for • Across from in • After inside into • Along near of • Around off on • At out outside • Before over past • Behind through up • Below to with • Beside under without • By until

18. Practice – Page 256 • Scientists study tools from the past. • When was the tool used by people? • Was it made for a special purpose? • What does the tool tell us about them?

19. Practice – Page 256 • They have found dolls in their special searches. • These dolls were made from corn cobs. • Ancient people must have lived near their sites. • Their children probably played with the small dolls. • The dolls can be seen at several museums.

20. Unit 7: Adverbs and Prepositions Lesson 6: Prepositional Phrases

21. What is a Prepositional Phrase? • Prepositional phrase: made up of a preposition, the object of the preposition, and all of the words between them. • We packed the fruit in our knapsacks. • Preposition: in • Object of Prep: knapsacks • Whole phrase: in our knapsacks

22. Practice • How would you travel across a river? • You might cross at a shallow place or a rocky spot. • Bridges are a better solution to the problem. • On bridges, traffic moves safely and easily. • The George Washington Bridge is used by many travelers.

23. Unit 7: Adverbs and Prepositions Lesson 7: Pronouns in Prepositional Phrases

24. Remember: • A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. • A prepositional phrase has a preposition and an object of the preposition. • When the pronoun is the object of the preposition, then you should use an object pronoun.

25. Practice • My brothers wouldn’t clean the house without my sisters and (I, me). • Cleaning the garage was a good job for Marcy and (he, him). • In the garage, an old toy box was found by Marcy and (I, me). • The toys had belonged to Karen and (him, he). • With Larry and (she, her), I carried the box to the yard.

26. Unit 7: Adverbs and Prepositions Lesson 8: Adverb or Preposition?

27. Adverb or Preposition? • Some words could be used as both. • If the word begins a prepositional phrase, then it is a preposition. • If the word describes the action, it is an adverb.

28. Examples • Above along around • Below by down • In inside near • Off over out • Outside under up

29. Practice • Anita looked around the button shop. • Her large blue button had fallen off. • Buttons were displayed along the counter. • She saw the right button under the glass.

30. Practice • She was curious and went in. • In every corner, she saw strange, wonderful things. • Sarah walked around. • A wooden box beside the vase caught Sarah’s attention.