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Myers EXPLORING PSYCHOLOGY 5th Ed

Psychological Disorders. Psychological Disordera ?harmful dysfunction" in which behavior is judged:atypical- not enough in itselfdisturbing-varies with time

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Myers EXPLORING PSYCHOLOGY 5th Ed

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    2. Psychological Disorders Psychological Disorder a “harmful dysfunction” in which behavior is judged: atypical- not enough in itself disturbing-varies with time & culture maladaptive- harmful unjustifiable-sometimes there’s a good reason

    3. Historical Perspective Perceived Causes movements of sun or moon lunacy- full moon evil spirits Ancient Treatments exorcism, caged like animals, beaten, burned, castrated, mutilated, blood replaced with animal’s blood

    4. Psychological Disorders Medical Model concept that diseases have physical causes can be diagnosed, treated, and in most cases, cured assumes that “mental” illnesses can be diagnosed on the basis of their symptoms and cured through therapy, which may include treatment in a psychiatric hospital

    5. Psychological Disorders Bio-psycho-social Perspective assumes that biological, sociocultural, and psychological factors combine and interact to produce psychological disorders

    6. Psychological Disorders--Etiology DSM-IV American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition) a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders

    7. Anxiety Disorders Anxiety Disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety Generalized Anxiety Disorder person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal Phobia persistent, irrational fear of a specific object or situation

    8. Anxiety Disorders Common and uncommon fears

    9. Anxiety Disorders Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions) Panic Disorder marked by a minutes-long episode of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensation

    10. Anxiety Disorders

    11. Anxiety Disorders PET Scan of brain of person with obsessive/ compulsive disorder High metabolic activity (red) in frontal lobe areas involved with directing attention

    12. Mood Disorders Mood Disorders characterized by emotional extremes Major Depressive Disorder a mood disorder in which a person, for no apparent reason, experiences two or more weeks of depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities

    13. Mood Disorders Mania a mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state Bipolar Disorder a mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania formerly called manic-depressive disorder

    14. Mood Disorders-Depression

    15. Mood Disorders- Suicide

    16. Mood Disorders-Suicide

    17. Mood Disorders-Bipolar PET scans show that brain energy consumption rises and falls with emotional swings

    18. Mood Disorders-Depression Altering any one component of the chemistry-cognition-mood circuit can alter the others

    19. Mood Disorders-Depression The vicious cycle of depression can be broken at any point

    20. Schizophrenia Schizophrenia literal translation “split mind” a group of severe psychotic disorders characterized by: disorganized and delusional thinking disturbed perceptions inappropriate emotions and actions

    21. Schizophrenia Delusions false beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders Hallucinations false sensory experiences such as seeing something without any external visual stimulus

    22. Schizophrenia

    23. Schizophrenia

    24. Personality Disorders Personality Disorders disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning usually without anxiety, depression, or delusions

    25. Personality Disorders Antisocial Personality Disorder disorder in which the person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members may be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist

    26. Personality Disorders

    27. Personality Disorders

    28. Dissociative Disorders Dissociative Disorders conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings Dissociative Identity Disorder rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities formerly called multiple personality disorder

    29. Rates of Psychological Disorders

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