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Evolution of the Genus Bubo: From Nyctea Scandaica to Babu Scandaicus

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The merging of the genera Nyctea and Bubo has led to the reclassification of species under a new nomenclature. The species previously known as Nyctea scandaica is now referred to as Babu scandaicus, making it a synonym of the former name. This document outlines the evolutionary changes, their causes, and the participants involved in this taxonomic evolution, emphasizing the implications for biological classification in relation to the concepts of synonymy and genus merging.

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Evolution of the Genus Bubo: From Nyctea Scandaica to Babu Scandaicus

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  1. Designv. 0.2 R Chawuthai

  2. xsd:dateTime soic:Community tl:beginAtDateTime tl:endAtDateTime Thing :sharedBy dcterms:source :interval tl:Interval :Knowledge Evolution foaf:Agent bibo:issuer :subEvolution bibo:performer :isCausedOf :evolutionType :EvolutionType is a :denyConcept :Concept Evolution rdfs:Resource :assertConcept is a :denyStatement :Statement Evolution rdf:Statement :assertStatement is a :denyGraph :Graph Evolution sd:NamedGraph :assertGraph

  3. Merge Genus • Genus “Babu” and Genus “Nyctea” merged into name “Babu” • Name “BabuScandaicus” replaces name “NycteaScandaica” • Species “BabuScandaicus” is synonym of “NycteaScandaica”

  4. ex:Merge ex:Bubo1 ex:Bubo :type s ex:Describe deny Year 1999 rdf:type p ex:Nyctea deny tl:beginAt tl:beginAt :interval :interval ex:1 ex:2 o ex:Genus assert Year 1999 :sharedBy :sharedBy ex:Bubo1 :type assert ex:nii ex:nii bibo:performer bibo:performer ex:Bubo1 bibo:performer bibo:performer :subEvolution bibo:issuer bibo:issuer dcterms:source dcterms:source s ex:wink ex:wink ex:heidrich ex:heidrich <paper-isbn-123456> <paper-isbn-123456> assert rdfs:label p ex:richard_c ex:richard_c o “Bubo”

  5. ex:Merge ex:Bubo1 ex:Bubo :type s ex:Describe deny Year 1999 rdf:type p ex:Nyctea deny tl:beginAt tl:beginAt tl:beginAt :interval :interval :interval ex:1 ex:2 ex:3 o ex:Genus assert Year 1999 Year 1999 :sharedBy :sharedBy :sharedBy ex:Bubo1 :type assert ex:nii ex:nii ex:nii bibo:performer bibo:performer bibo:performer ex:Bubo1 bibo:performer bibo:performer bibo:performer :subEvolution bibo:issuer bibo:issuer bibo:issuer dcterms:source dcterms:source dcterms:source s ex:wink ex:wink ex:wink ex:heidrich ex:heidrich ex:heidrich <paper-isbn-123456> <paper-isbn-123456> <paper-isbn-123456> assert rdfs:label p ex:richard_c ex:richard_c ex:richard_c o “Bubo” :subEvolution ex:Make Synonym ex:Bubo1 s :type assert ex:synonym p assert o ex:Bubo1 ex:Bubo s ex:synonym p ex:Nyctea o

  6. ex:Merge ex:Bubo1 ex:Bubo :type s ex:Describe deny Year 1999 rdf:type p ex:Nyctea deny tl:beginAt :interval ex:1 o ex:Genus assert :sharedBy ex:Bubo1 :type assert ex:nii bibo:performer ex:Bubo1 bibo:performer :subEvolution bibo:issuer dcterms:source s ex:wink ex:heidrich <paper-isbn-123456> assert rdfs:label :interval ex:2 bibo:issuer p ex:richard_c dcterms:source bibo:performer :sharedBy o “Bubo” bibo:performer bibo:issuer bibo:performer bibo:performer :subEvolution :interval ex:Make Synonym :sharedBy dcterms:source ex:Bubo1 s :type assert ex:3 ex:synonym p assert o ex:Bubo1 ex:Bubo s ex:synonym p ex:Nyctea o

  7. ex:Merge ex:Bubo ex:Bubo_scandiacus s ex:Describe ex:Nyctea deny Year 1999 rdf:type p deny tl:beginAt :interval ex:1 ex:Bubo1 o ex:Genus :sharedBy :type assert ex:nii bibo:performer ex:Bubo_scandiacus bibo:performer :interval bibo:issuer dcterms:source ex:5 bibo:issuer s ex:wink dcterms:source bibo:performer ex:heidrich assert :sharedBy <paper-isbn-123456> rdfs:label bibo:performer p ex:richard_c :isCausedOf :subEvolution ex:Bubo1 o ex:ReplaceName :type ex:4 deny ex:Nyctea_scandiaca assert ex:Bubo_scandiacus

  8. ex:Merge ex:Bubo ex:Bubo_scandiacus s ex:Describe ex:Nyctea deny Year 1999 rdf:type p deny tl:beginAt :interval ex:1 ex:Bubo1 o ex:Genus :sharedBy :type assert ex:nii bibo:performer ex:Bubo_scandiacus bibo:performer :interval bibo:issuer dcterms:source ex:5 bibo:issuer s ex:wink dcterms:source bibo:performer ex:heidrich assert :sharedBy <paper-isbn-123456> rdfs:label bibo:performer p ex:richard_c :isCausedOf :subEvolution ex:Bubo1 o ex:ReplaceName bibo:issuer bibo:performer :type ex:4 bibo:performer deny :interval ex:Nyctea_scandiaca :subEvolution assert :sharedBy dcterms:source ex:Bubo_scandiacus assert ex:6 :type assert ex:Bubo_scandiacus s ex:Make Synonym ex:synonym p ex:Nyctea_scandiaca o

  9. SynonymType sub C sub C Merger • ConceptEvolution(c) ∧ SynonymType(p) ∧ evoluationType(c, p) ∧ denyConcept(c, x) ∧ assertConcept(c, y) → sameAs(x, y) Replacement ConceptEvolution rdf:type rdf:type denyConcept ex:Nyctea_scandiaca ex:4 ex:replaceName assertConcept :evolutionType ex:Bubo_scandiacus

  10. Year 1999 tl:beginAtDateTime :interval • ConceptEvolution(c) ∧ Interval(i) ∧ interval(c, i) ∧ beginAtDateTime(i, t) ∧ denyConcept(c, x) → expireSince(x, t) denyConcept ex:Nyctea_scandiaca ex:4 assertConcept ex:Bubo_scandiacus

  11. ConceptEvolution(c) ∧ Interval(i) ∧ interval(c, i) ∧ beginAtDateTime(i, t) ∧ denyConcept(c, x) → expireSince(x, t) • ConceptEvolution(c) ∧ Interval(i) ∧ interval(c, i) ∧ endAtDateTime(i, t) ∧ denyConcept(c, x) → expireUntil(x, t) • ConceptEvolution(c) ∧ Interval(i) ∧ interval(c, i) ∧ beginAtDateTime(i, t) ∧ assertConcept(c, x)→ validSince(x, t) • ConceptEvolution(c) ∧ Interval(i) ∧ interval(c, i) ∧ endAtDateTime(i, t) ∧ assertConcept(c, x) → validUntil(x, t)

  12. SynonymType sub C sub C sub C ChangingParent Replacement Merger

  13. SynonymType StatementEvolution :aaa sub C subject :hasHigher Taxon predicate • StatementEvolution(c) ∧ SynonymType(p) ∧ evoluationType(c, p) ∧ Statement(q) ∧ denyStatement(c, d) ∧ subject (d, x) ∧assertStatement(c, a) ∧ subject (a, y)→ sameAs(x, y) ChangingParent :taxon1 object rdf:type denyStatement :aaa’ rdf:type subject hasHigher Taxon ex:4 ex:changeHigher Taxon predicate assertStatement :evolutionType object :taxon2

  14. Next • Taxonomy of changes • Rule • Ways to find root-cause

  15. A Logical Model Of Digital Archives :denyConcept :EvolutionType :Concept Evolution rdfs:Resource :evolutionType :assertConcept is a :causeOf ? :associate :denyStatement :Knowledge Evolution is a :Statement Evolution rdf:Statement :partOf :assertStatement is a :assure xsd:dateTime :denyGraph :Graph Evolution sd:NamedGraph :assertGraph tl:endAtDateTime tl:beginAtDateTime :interval tl:Interval dcterms:source :Community Knowledge Thing bibo:issuer bibo:performer :sharedBy foaf:Agent soic:Community

  16. xsd:dateTime soic:Community tl:beginAtDateTime tl:endAtDateTime Thing :sharedBy dcterms:source :interval tl:Interval :Knowledge Evolution foaf:Agent bibo:issuer :subEvolution bibo:performer :isCausedOf is a Changing Taxon is a is a is a is a Replacement Reclassification Splitter Merger before after conept after before before before after before Concept

  17. Splitter Year 1999 tl:beginAt :interval ex:1 :sharedBy ex:a ex:nii rdf:type bibo:performer bibo:performer bibo:issuer dcterms:source ex:wink :before ex:heidrich <paper-isbn-123456> ex:b ex:richard_c :before :after ex:c

  18. Merger Year 1999 tl:beginAt :interval ex:1 :sharedBy ex:x ex:nii rdf:type bibo:performer bibo:performer bibo:issuer dcterms:source ex:wink :before ex:heidrich <paper-isbn-123456> ex:y ex:richard_c :after :after ex:z

  19. Replacement Year 1999 tl:beginAt :interval ex:1 :sharedBy ex:nii rdf:type bibo:performer bibo:performer bibo:issuer dcterms:source ex:wink ex:heidrich <paper-isbn-123456> ex:name1 ex:richard_c :befere :after ex:name2

  20. Reclassification Year 1999 tl:beginAt :interval ex:1 :sharedBy ex:p ex:nii rdf:type bibo:performer bibo:performer bibo:issuer dcterms:source ex:wink :concept ex:heidrich <paper-isbn-123456> ex:q ex:richard_c :before :after ex:r Before: ex:p :hasHigherTaxonex:q. After ex:p :hasHigherTaxonex:r.

  21. Before: ex:p :hasHigherTaxonex:q. After ex:p :hasHigherTaxonex:r. • ex:p :expiredSince “1999” . • ex:p’ :validSince “1999” . • ex:p’ :hasHigherTaxonex:r . • ex:p’ :hasSynonymex:p.

  22. ConceptCreation(concept) • ConceptExpiration (concept) • ConceptReplacemant(conceptBefore, conceptAfter) • ConceptMerger(conceptBefore*, conceptAfter) • ConceptSpliter(conceptBefore, conceptAfter*) • PropertyValueAddition (subjectiveConcept, predicate, objectiveConcept*) • PropertyValueRemoval(subjectiveConcept, predicate, objectiveConcept*) • PropertyValueChange(subjectiveConcept, predicate, objectiveConceptBefore*, newObjectiveConceptAfter*) • ClassificationAddition(parentConcept, childConcept*) • ClassificationRemoval(parentConcept, childConcept*) • Reclassification (childConcept, parentConceptBefore, parentConceptAfter)

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