1 / 24

Part IV Clinical Skills and Resources

Part IV Clinical Skills and Resources. pp. 101 - 117. Clinical Models. Psychoanalytic concepts Conscious and unconscious mind Behavior from inner conflict and with biological and social forces Personality Psychic energy that drives survival and pleasure “instincts”: _____

ryan-page
Download Presentation

Part IV Clinical Skills and Resources

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Part IV Clinical Skills and Resources pp. 101 - 117

  2. Clinical Models • Psychoanalytic concepts • Conscious and unconscious mind • Behavior from inner conflict and with biological and social forces • Personality • Psychic energy that drives survival and pleasure “instincts”: _____ • Conscience – moral judge and self ideals promoter: __ • Executive mediator: __ • Inner strivings and reality; monitor /master of drives

  3. Psychoanalysis– cont’d • Motivation – biological drive to obtain ___ and avoid ____ - aka the ______ Principle. • Adult pathology – due to frustration of _____ gratification at developmental stage(s) Therapeutic Approach • CL: Free association – no agenda thoughts • TH: Follows, understands, uncovers defenses • E.g. repression, regression, reaction formation

  4. Analytic psychoanalysis • Carl Jung • Added concept of “collective _________ “ to personal concept of mind – ancestral memories • Memories organized around archetypal images • Therapeutic approach • Dream analysis – to access the ___ • Reveals archetypes to be interpreted www.cgjungpage.org

  5. Application of Psychoanalytic concepts to SA Counseling • Personality • Identifying traits/patterns helps client understand how they interact with others • The Myers-Briggs Indicator identifies traits • Helps identify core competencies needed (to support recovery) • Spirituality • Helping clients find strength for daily living to enhance recovery and health

  6. Individual Psychology • Alfred Adler • Desire for superiority leads to pursuit of fictional goals (“unrealistic goals”) • Leads to discouragement and self-destructive behaviors Therapeutic Approach • Assessment – family, birth order, early memories • Costs – of unhealthy goals analyzed (to motivate) • Realistic goals, plan of action – helps to overcome discouragement, inferiority www.iaiponline.org

  7. Person-centered Therapy • Carl Rogers • Philosophy: People are good, worthy, valuable and have internal resources to improve situation. Clients are guided (when potential emerges). Therapeutic Approach • TH “adheres to” core conditions: • responds to cl. with empathy, congruence and warm regard • Guides rather than directs www.centerfortheperson.org/organizations.html

  8. Gestalt Therapy • Fritz Perls • Principle goal: __________ achieved by • Focus on present situation, current behaviors, cl’s perceptions and interpretations of experiences • No focus on underlying “causes” • Homework, life “experiments” (roleplay), working through “layers” of awareness to core Phony (stereotypical, inauthentic), phobic (avoiding pain an responsibility), impasse (stalling), implosive (questioning defenses), explosive – energy release from letting go of pretense (get “real”) www.gestaltri.com

  9. Existential Psychotherapy • Irvin Yalom • Focuses on present, fundamental questions of being human (finding meaning in life) • And the struggles inherent in this existence • 4 ultimate concerns: • death (no escape), freedom (to define own world), isolation (gulf between self/other), meaninglessness (defining meaning, purpose)

  10. Existential Psychotherapy – cont’d Therapeutic Approach • Explore the 4 ultimate concerns; paraphrase • Share (self-disclose) to provide alternatives and ask questions about internal struggle. www.yalom.com

  11. Logotherapy • Victor Frankl • Freedom to determine meaning (with mind) more important than external circumstances, events • Cls have ability and responsibility for choices • No-choice is still a choice. Therapeutic Approach • Teach avoidance of “victim role” • Dereflection – attend to creative ways of coping • instead of problem situation • Paradoxical intentions – • Encouraging exaggerated form of undesired behavior http://logotherapy.univie.ac.at

  12. Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy • Albert Ellis Philosophy: Root of emotional problems is irrational thinking; rational thinking can be taught/learned. Therapeutic Approach ABC model: Activating event, Belief about A; Consequences (behavior and feelings from thoughts about A) DEF: Dispute – challenge thinking – homework, teaching Effect – on beliefs Feeling – appropriate to situation (neither anxious nor depressed) www.rebt.org

  13. Choice Theory/Reality Therapy • William Glasser • Theory: Choose behavior to meet need(s): • Love and belonging, power, fun, freedom, survival • Behavior affects thoughts and feelings; “doing something different” changes emotional state Therapeutic Approach Focus is on building love and belonging relationships Questions: What (have) now that meets needs? What do you want? What are you doing to get what you want? Is it working? Learning to meet own needs; develop “caring habits”; eliminate “deadly habits”

  14. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) • Aaron Beck • Thinking errors underlie negative thinking/feeling. Techniques: • Reduce anxiety – empathy, reframing • Uncover, monitor faulty processing, negative schema • Questioning, behavioral experiments to test beliefs • Behavioral strategies (journaling) reinforcing new skills • Works well with people free of delusions (live in reality). www.beckinstitute.org

  15. Transactional Analysis • Eric Berne Personality made up of 3 ego states: each with own styles of feeling, thought and behavior: Parent, Adult, Child Therapeutic Approach Help to develop positive life view (“script”) of self/other (“I’m ok; you’re ok”) Explore “transactions” (what’s said between people), “games and cons”, “scripts” and “structures” Identify “strokes” - positive reinforcement of behavior www.itaa-net.org

  16. Other approaches • Pavlov – classical conditioning • Behavior from conditioned reflexes • Skinner – operant conditioning • Behavior from rewards (pos. and neg.) • Bandura – social learning theory • Behavior learned by observing the environment All emphasize environment’s impact on behavior Therapy: Analyze behaviors and create plan for modifying it; monitor, follow up.

  17. Techniques • Directive, moderately directive, nondirective • Directive • Openly confront and challenge cl. to take specific action • Nondirective • Empathic support of client • Moderate • Support and assistance given in taking action

  18. Directive Techniques – exs.

  19. Other Directive: Diversion, Encouragement, Exaggeration, Fruit basket, goal setting, graduated exposure, imagery, immediacy, language exercises, magic wand, offering options, paradoxical interv. Playing the projection push-button technique Reframing reinforcement self-help form (REBT) self-monitoring sharing hunches spitting in “soup” staying with a feeling systematic desensitization teaching ABC model

  20. Non-Directive Techniques – exs.

  21. Moderately-Directive Techniques – exs.

  22. Other Moderately Directive: Brainstorming Cognitive modeling Counter-conditioning Extinction Feedback Self-disclosure Humor Jolting language (sarcasm) Role play Two-chair technique

More Related